智能电动汽车线控制动关键技术与研究进展

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.10.339

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (10): 339-365.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.10.339

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智能电动汽车线控制动关键技术与研究进展

张奇祥¹, 王金湘¹, 张伊晗², 张荣林³, 靳立强⁴, 殷国栋¹

1. 东南大学机械工程学院南京 211189;
2. 曼彻斯特大学机械航空航天和土木工程学院曼彻斯特 M13 9PL英国;
3. 浙江亚太机电股份有限公司智能汽车控制系统研究院杭州 311200;
4. 吉林大学汽车工程学院长春 130025

收稿日期:2023-08-01 修回日期:2023-12-05 出版日期:2024-05-20 发布日期:2024-07-24
作者简介:张奇祥,男,1996年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为智能底盘线控技术、自动驾驶决策规划。
E-mail:zhangqx@seu.edu.cn
王金湘(通信作者),男,1979年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为车辆动力学与控制、新能源与智能网联汽车。
E-mail:wangjx@seu.edu.cn
张伊晗,男,1997年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为汽车电控与智能化。
E-mail:yhzhang612@163.com
张荣林,男,1990年出生,博士。主要研究方向为智能化底盘。
E-mail:ronglinzhang@126.com
靳立强,男,1976年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为电动汽车动力学及控制、汽车底盘系统设计与控制。
E-mail:jinlq@jlu.edu.cn
殷国栋,男,1976年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为车辆动力学与控制、智能电动底盘设计与控制。
E-mail:ygd@seu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52072073，52025121)和国家重点研发计划(2021YFB2500007)资助项目。

Key Technologies and Research Progress of Brake-by-wire System for Intelligent Electric Vehicles

ZHANG Qixiang¹, WANG Jinxiang¹, ZHANG Yihan², ZHANG Ronglin³, JIN Liqiang⁴, YIN Guodong¹

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189;
2. School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
3. Intelligent Vehicle Control System Research Institute, Zhejiang Asia-Pacific Mechanical and Electronic Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311200;
4. College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025

Received:2023-08-01 Revised:2023-12-05 Online:2024-05-20 Published:2024-07-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 智能电动汽车要求制动系统能够实现主动制动和制动能量回收等功能，传统制动系统不能满足上述需求。线控制动系统具有结构紧凑、响应迅速、控制精确、兼容性强等优势，是实现自动驾驶的理想执行机构，已成为当前的研究热点。为系统、及时地掌握该领域的发展态势，综述智能电动汽车线控制动系统的关键技术与研究进展。介绍线控制动系统的类型及其特点，明确线控制动系统结构方案的发展趋势和研究重点，归纳线控制动系统的典型产品及其特性，提出智能电动汽车线控制动系统的总体控制架构。在此基础上，对线控制动系统的测试与建模、动力缸压力控制、轮缸压力控制、轮缸压力估算、电磁阀控制、夹紧力控制、踏板感模拟控制、传感器故障诊断和个性化控制等关键技术进行梳理。概述基于线控制动系统的制动防抱死、自适应巡航及自动紧急制动等车辆纵向运动控制方法。最后，对智能电动汽车线控制动系统研究所面临的问题及未来的发展趋势进行分析和展望。

关键词: 智能电动汽车, 线控制动系统, 典型产品, 压力控制方法, 个性化制动, 纵向运动控制

Abstract: Intelligent electric vehicles require the brake system to realize functions such as active braking and braking energy recovery, and traditional brake systems cannot meet the above requirements. The brake-by-wire system has the advantages of compact structure, rapid response, precise control, and strong compatibility. It is an ideal actuator for autonomous driving and has become a current research hotspot. To systematically and timely grasp the development trend of this field, the key technologies and research progress of the brake-by-wire system for intelligent electric vehicles are reviewed. The types and characteristics of the brake-by-wire system are introduced, and the development trend and research focus of the structural scheme of the brake-by-wire system are clarified. Then the typical products and characteristics of the brake-by-wire system are summarized, and the overall control architecture of the brake-by-wire system for an intelligent connected electric vehicle is proposed. On this basis, the key technologies such as testing and modeling of the brake-by-wire system, power cylinder pressure control, wheel cylinder pressure control, wheel cylinder pressure estimation, solenoid valve control, clamping force control, pedal feel simulation control, sensor fault diagnosis, and personalized control are sorted out. The vehicle's longitudinal motion control methods, such as anti-lock braking, adaptive cruise, and automatic emergency braking based on the brake-by-wire system, are summarized. Finally, the problems faced by the research on the brake-by-wire system for intelligent electric vehicles and the future development trend are analyzed and prospected.

Key words: intelligent electric vehicle, brake-by-wire system, typical products, pressure control method, personalized braking, longitudinal motion control

中图分类号:

U463

张奇祥, 王金湘, 张伊晗, 张荣林, 靳立强, 殷国栋. 智能电动汽车线控制动关键技术与研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(10): 339-365.

ZHANG Qixiang, WANG Jinxiang, ZHANG Yihan, ZHANG Ronglin, JIN Liqiang, YIN Guodong. Key Technologies and Research Progress of Brake-by-wire System for Intelligent Electric Vehicles[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(10): 339-365.

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智能电动汽车线控制动关键技术与研究进展

Key Technologies and Research Progress of Brake-by-wire System for Intelligent Electric Vehicles

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