基于等效电路模型的锂离子电池峰值功率估计的对比研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.14.064

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (14): 64-76.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.14.064

• 特邀专栏：电源系统设计、管理与大数据 • 上一篇下一篇

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基于等效电路模型的锂离子电池峰值功率估计的对比研究

蔡雪, 张彩萍, 张琳静, 张维戈, 高乐

北京交通大学国家能源主动配电网技术研发中心北京 100044

收稿日期:2020-08-31 修回日期:2020-12-20 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-09-15
通讯作者: 张彩萍(通信作者),女,1982年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为电动汽车动力电池和储能电池在电力系统中的应用。E-mail:zhangcaiping@bjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:蔡雪,女,1994年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为电池组仿真建模与控制。E-mail:caixue@bjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2018YFB0104000）和国家自然科学基金（51977007）资助项目

Comparative Study on State of Power Estimation of Lithium Ion Battery Based on Equivalent Circuit Model

CAI Xue, ZHANG Caiping, ZHANG Linjing, ZHANG Weige, GAO Le

National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center(NANTEC), Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044

Received:2020-08-31 Revised:2020-12-20 Online:2021-09-15 Published:2021-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 锂离子电池的功率状态（State of power，SOP）估计在电动汽车的电池管理系统中起着至关重要的作用。准确的参数化模型为SOP估计提供了重要的参数和结构信息。从电池内部机理出发，总结用于表征电化学反应过程的等效元件及方程所构成的等效电路模型，并推导其电压仿真表达式。针对模型参数边界不准确而陷入局部最优和计算效率低的问题，提出基于电化学机理的参数边界确定方法。以DST工况为参数辨识数据集获取八种参数化模型，从模型精度和计算效率来验证参数化模型在FUDS工况下的鲁棒性和时效性。针对非线性模型无法获取峰值功率解析解问题，提出了基于多约束的SOP优化估计方法。最后，根据DST工况+恒功率下获取的SOP真值以验证所提算法在SOC10%放电和90%充电下的有效性。结果表明，温度对电化学反应和扩散限制的主导地位影响显著，所提模型最优估算方法在高低SOC区间的SOP估计误差均在8%以内。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 等效电路模型, 参数边界, 参数辨识, 峰值功率

Abstract: State of power (SOP) estimation for lithium-ion batteries plays a vital role in the battery management system (BMS) of electric vehicles. The accurate parameterized model provides important parameter and structure information for SOP estimation. From the internal mechanism of the battery, the equivalent circuit model composed of equivalent elements and equations for characterizing the electrochemical reaction process is summarized, and its voltage simulation expression is derived. Aiming at the problem of falling into local optimum and computational efficiency due to uncertain parameter boundaries, a method for determining parameter boundaries based on electrochemical mechanism is proposed. Eight kinds of parameterized models are obtained by the parameter identification data, DST driving cycle, and from the model accuracy and calculation efficiency, the robustness and timeliness of the parameterized models are verified in FUDS driving cycle. To address the issues that the nonlinear model cannot obtain the peak power analytical solution, a multi-constrained SOP optimization estimation method is proposed. Finally, according to the true value of SOP obtained under DST + constant power tests, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified. The results show that temperature has a significant influence on the dominance of electrochemical reaction and diffusion limitation. The SOP estimation error of the proposed model's optimal estimation method in the high and low SOC range is within 8%.

Key words: lithium ion battery, equivalent circuit models, parameter boundary, parameter identification, peak power

中图分类号:

TG156

蔡雪, 张彩萍, 张琳静, 张维戈, 高乐. 基于等效电路模型的锂离子电池峰值功率估计的对比研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(14): 64-76.

CAI Xue, ZHANG Caiping, ZHANG Linjing, ZHANG Weige, GAO Le. Comparative Study on State of Power Estimation of Lithium Ion Battery Based on Equivalent Circuit Model[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(14): 64-76.

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基于等效电路模型的锂离子电池峰值功率估计的对比研究

Comparative Study on State of Power Estimation of Lithium Ion Battery Based on Equivalent Circuit Model

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