消防炮自适应炮头射流系统自由振动分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.22.256

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (22): 256-262.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.22.256

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消防炮自适应炮头射流系统自由振动分析

袁晓明^1,2,3, 王储^1,2, 赵士宜^1,2, 张立杰^1,2

1. 燕山大学河北省重型机械流体动力传输与控制重点实验室秦皇岛 066004;
2. 燕山大学先进锻压成形技术与科学教育部重点实验室秦皇岛 066004;
3. 浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室杭州 310027

收稿日期:2019-12-04 修回日期:2020-04-20 出版日期:2020-11-20 发布日期:2020-12-31
通讯作者: 张立杰(通信作者),男,1969年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为液压测控技术、机器人技术。E-mail:ljzhang@ysu.edu.cn
作者简介:袁晓明,男,1984年出生,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为流体传动与控制。E-mail:xiaomingbingbing@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金（51805468）、河北省自然科学基金青年科学基金（E2017203129）、浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室开放基金课题（GZKF-201820）和燕山大学基础研究专项青年课题（16LGB001）资助项目。

Analysis of Free Vibration of Adaptive Head Jet System of Fire Water Monitor

YUAN Xiaoming^1,2,3, WANG Chu^1,2, ZHAO Shiyi^1,2, ZHANG Lijie^1,2

1. Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Machinery Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004;
2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science, Ministry of Education of China, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004;
3. State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power & Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027

Received:2019-12-04 Revised:2020-04-20 Online:2020-11-20 Published:2020-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 消防炮自适应炮头可根据流体压力和流量变化自动调整炮口开度，从而提高消防炮的射流性能，快速高效地扑灭大型火灾。但炮头末端的自适应机构使射流系统具有流固耦合特性，在高速高压作用下，射流系统可能会发生振动乃至共振，进而影响灭火效率。考虑射流系统中流体域和固体域间的流固耦合效应以及炮头内连续体芯杆和端盖与其他离散结构间的连续离散耦合效应，通过集中质量法确定了芯杆和端盖结构的刚度矩阵，采用集中参数法建立了消防炮自适应炮头射流系统的动力学模型及方程。对射流系统进行了自由振动分析，确定了系统各阶固有频率及模态振型，分析了流体初始体积含气量和流体压力对系统固有频率的影响规律。由样机模态试验可知，理论与试验确定的一阶固有频率偏差仅为0.51%，验证了消防炮自适应炮头射流系统动力学模型的准确性。本项研究可为消防炮自适应炮头射流系统的动力学优化提供理论依据。

关键词: 消防炮, 自适应炮头, 射流系统, 自由振动, 模态试验

Abstract: The adaptive head of the fire water monitor can automatically adjust the muzzle opening according to the change of fluid pressure and flow rate. Thus, the jet performance of fire water monitor can be improved, and large fires can be put out quickly and efficiently. However, the adaptive mechanism at the end of the adaptive head makes the jet system have the characteristics of fluid-structure coupling. And under the action of high speed and high pressure jet, the vibration even resonance of the jet system may occur, which will affect the efficiency of fire extinguishing. Considering the fluid-structure coupling effect between the fluid and solid domains in the jet system and the discrete-continuum coupling effect between the core rod and end cap of the continuous body and other discrete structures in the adaptive head, the stiffness matrix of the mandrel and end cap structure is determined by the lumped mass method and the dynamic model and equation of the adaptive head jet system of fire water monitor are found by the lumped parameter method. The free vibration analysis of the jet system is carried out, and the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the system are determined. The influence of initial volumetric gas content and fluid pressure on the natural frequency of the system is analyzed. According to the modal experiment of the sample machine, the error between the theoretical and experimental result of first-order natural frequency is only 0.51%, which verifies the accuracy of the dynamic model of adaptive head jet system of fire water monitor. This research can provide the theoretical basis for the dynamic optimization of the adaptive head jet system of the fire water monitor.

Key words: fire water monitor, adaptive head, jet system, free vibration, modal experiment

中图分类号:

TG156

袁晓明, 王储, 赵士宜, 张立杰. 消防炮自适应炮头射流系统自由振动分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(22): 256-262.

YUAN Xiaoming, WANG Chu, ZHAO Shiyi, ZHANG Lijie. Analysis of Free Vibration of Adaptive Head Jet System of Fire Water Monitor[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(22): 256-262.

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消防炮自适应炮头射流系统自由振动分析

Analysis of Free Vibration of Adaptive Head Jet System of Fire Water Monitor

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