• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (17): 48-55.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.17.048

• 特邀专栏:焊接机器人 • 上一篇    下一篇

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基于视觉传感的机器人焊缝纠偏控制系统

王志江1,2, 薛坤喜1,2, 吴定勇3, 杨辉3, 申俊琦1,2, 刘杰1,2, 胡绳荪1,2   

  1. 1. 天津大学天津市现代连接技术重点实验室 天津 300350;
    2. 天津大学材料科学与工程学院 天津 300350;
    3. 中交天和机械设备制造有限公司 苏州 215557
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-13 修回日期:2019-03-04 出版日期:2019-09-05 发布日期:2020-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 胡绳荪(通信作者),男,1956年出生,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为焊接设备及自动化、焊接新方法及工艺等。E-mail:huss@tju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王志江,男,1981年出生,博士,副教授。主要研究方向为焊接新方法及工艺、焊接过程传感及控制、焊接自动化。E-mail:wangzj@tju.edu.cn

Robotic Weld Seam Correction Control System Based on Visual Sensing

WANG Zhijiang1,2, XUE Kunxi1,2, WU Dingyong3, YANG Hui3, SHEN Junqi1,2, LIU Jie1,2, HU Shengsun1,2   

  1. 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350;
    2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350;
    3. Tianhe Mechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215557
  • Received:2018-09-13 Revised:2019-03-04 Online:2019-09-05 Published:2020-01-07

摘要: 针对工业机器人多层多道焊缝纠偏问题,提出一种基于视觉传感的人机互动机器人焊缝纠偏方法,并建立相应的视觉传感焊缝纠偏控制系统。该系统主要包含视觉传感采集及标定和机器人焊缝纠偏控制两个子系统。将工业相机安置在焊枪上得到拍摄的实时焊接图像,然后利用Windows Forms开发的焊接监控软件,工作人员通过观察监控界面,能够对焊枪偏离焊缝是否超过允许范围做出判断,再通过控制面板发出纠偏指令传送至可编程逻辑控制器(Programmable logic controller,PLC),PLC向机器人控制器发出控制信号,机器人调用"机器人传感器接口"(Robot sensor interface,RSI)的信息流,将PLC控制信号转化为机器人末端偏移量并执行,使焊枪调整至合适位置,达到焊缝纠偏控制目标。在验证试验过程中,该系统反应较灵敏,焊缝纠偏准确度较高,整个过程运行平稳,焊缝成形质量良好。

关键词: 视觉传感, 纠偏控制, 焊缝跟踪, 多层多道焊, 工业机器人

Abstract: Regarding multi-pass weld seam tracking for industrial robots, a robotic weld seam correction control strategy is proposed based on visual sensing and the corresponding visual sensing weld seam correction control system is established. The system mainly consists of two subsystems:Visual sensing acquisition and calibration system, and robotic weld seam correction control system. Placed together with the welding torch, the industrial camera can obtain the groove or weld images in real time. The operators can observe the monitor software screen, which is designed by Windows Forms, to judge whether the welding torch deviates from target beyond the allowable range. If so, a correction command will be sent to a programmable logic controller (PLC) from the control panel; the PLC will send a control signal to the robot controller; the robot will read the information flow from the robot sensor interface (RSI) to convert the signal from PLC into the robot end offset which can be executed by the robot; in such way, the welding gun can be adjusted to a proper position to achieve weld seam correction control. During the verification test, the system is sensitive and has a reasonable accuracy in weld seam correction; the system works smoothly and steadily with good weld formation during the whole process.

Key words: visual sensing, correction control, seam tracking, multi-pass welding, industrial robot

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