• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (24): 174-180.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.24.174

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于接触摩擦非线性特征的车-人交通事故数值再现分析

张晓云1, 杨小波1, 张东明1, 侯心一2   

  1. 1. 上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院 上海 200240;
    2. 上海市公安局交通警察总队 上海 200070
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-16 修回日期:2018-08-16 出版日期:2018-12-20 发布日期:2018-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 张晓云(通信作者),男,1975年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师,上海市道路交通事故深度调查专家。主要研究方向为交通安全数字化技术与可靠性分析。2005年获上海市科技进步一等奖,2014年获上海市科技进步二等奖。E-mail:general_zhang@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杨小波,男,1991年出生,硕士。主要研究方向为交通安全数字化技术与可靠性分析。E-mail:zslyxb@fxmail.com;张东明,男,1994年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为交通安全数字化技术与可靠性分析。E-mail:dmzhang0327@qq.com;侯心一,男,1965年出生,上海市公安局交通警察总队副主任法医师,公安部交通管理科学研究所重点实验室学部委员。主要研究交通事故中现场勘查、法医、酒精、毒驾等基础课题与技术鉴定。2014年作为第一完成人获上海市科技进步二等奖。E-mail:hou_xy9898@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市自然科学基金资助项目(13ZR1422300)。

Car-Pedestrian Collision Traffic Accident Reconstruction Based on Nonlinear Contact Friction Characteristics

ZHANG Xiaoyun1, YANG Xiaobo1, ZHANG Dongming1, HOU Xinyi2   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240;
    2. Traffic Police Brigade, Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200070
  • Received:2017-12-16 Revised:2018-08-16 Online:2018-12-20 Published:2018-12-20

摘要: 车-人接触碰撞事故作为一种典型的交通事故类型,包含车、人、地三个系统,涉及变量众多,再现过程复杂。其中,人-地接触摩擦因数作为典型的输入参数,对事故再现结果有着重要影响。传统的交通事故数值再现计算中,摩擦因数一般作为定值输入,其仿真结果与实际物理过程存在较大偏差。通过纤维-粗糙路面接触的简化物理模型探讨车-人交通事故中人-地接触摩擦的非线性关系,提出针对车-人碰撞交通事故的人-地摩擦因数与法向力函数关系的构造方法,并通过典型车-人碰撞事故案例对其进行了验证。案例分析表明,基于上述方法构造的摩擦因数数学模型可减小仿真结果与实际物理过程的偏差,从而为交通事故鉴定提供更为准确有力的技术依据。将接触摩擦力学应用于交通事故再现数值计算的思想为后续相关研究提供了参考。

关键词: 车-人交通事故, 非线性, 摩擦, 数值仿真

Abstract: As a typical kind of traffic accident, vehicle-pedestrian collision contains vehicle, pedestrian and ground which is a multi-body system and involves lots of variables, making it rather difficult to build the reconstruction model. Among all the input variables, pedestrian-ground friction coefficient is one of the most important ones and has a decisive effect on the final computation result. Friction coefficient is usually considered as constant value in traditional traffic accident reconstruction which is far from the real physical case and thus engender fairly great error in computation. The nonlinear relationship of contact friction between pedestrian and ground is investigated based on the simplified physicalmodelof fiber-rough road surface contact. Method of construction the function about friction coefficient and normal force in car-pedestrian collision traffic accident is also proposed and a real case is employed to verify the validity of the above method. The analysis indicates that model constructed by the above method can greatly reduce the deviation between simulation and real case, which may provide more convincing technical basis for the traffic accident identification. The idea of applying the principle of contact friction mechanics to the traffic accident reconstruction also gives some reference for further exploration.

Key words: car-pedestrian traffic accident, friction, nonlinear, numerical simulation

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