• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 71-77.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.12.071

• 特邀专栏:大国重器:复兴之路上的轨道交通技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

持续制动工况下轴装制动盘螺栓载荷演化规律

王曦1, 王文静1, 王宇2   

  1. 1. 北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院 北京 100044;
    2. 中国科学技术大学近代力学系 合肥 230027
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-02 修回日期:2018-01-11 出版日期:2018-06-20 发布日期:2018-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 王文静(通信作者),女,1976年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为结构疲劳强度及可靠性。E-mail:wjwang@bjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王曦,男,1976年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为结构疲劳强度及可靠性。E-mail:wangxi@bjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划资助项目(2017J003-C)。

Variation of Bolt Loads of Axle Braking Disc under Continuous Braking Condition

WANG Xi1, WANG Wenjing1, WANG Yu2   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044;
    2. Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027
  • Received:2017-05-02 Revised:2018-01-11 Online:2018-06-20 Published:2018-06-20

摘要: 制动盘螺栓紧固结构的完整性对于保证良好的制动性能至关重要。通过建立热-机耦合有限元分析模型,研究列车在长大下坡持续制动过程中轴装制动盘螺栓的载荷演化规律。结果表明,在制动表面产生的热量向制动盘内部及其他连接结构传递的过程中,制动盘中的温度梯度是导致螺栓载荷出现变化的主导因素。螺栓的轴向拉伸载荷出现先下降后反弹的演化规律,不均匀的温度场使螺栓内部出现弯曲载荷,且螺栓的周向弯曲载荷明显大于径向弯曲载荷。对流换热系数的增加可以减小螺栓轴向拉伸载荷和弯矩的变化,但当对流换热系数增加到一定值时,这种影响逐步减小。螺栓与周围结构热膨胀系数的差异会加剧螺栓载荷的变化,可能会导致螺栓自松的风险增加或者螺栓弯曲失效。螺栓预紧力对螺栓弯矩变化没有影响,而对螺栓轴力变化有一定的影响。

关键词: 持续制动, 螺栓载荷, 热应力分析, 轴装制动盘

Abstract: The integrity of bolted joint in braking disc system is critical to the good quality of braking performance. A thermo-mechanical coupling finite element model is established to investigate the load variation of bolted joint in axle braking disc of railway vehicle under continuous downhill braking condition. The transient temperature gradient in the brake disc is the key mechanism for the variation of bolt loads. The bolt tension drops firstly and then bounces back, while the bending moment is introduced in the bolt due to temperature non-uniformity. The circumferential bending moment is significantly higher than that in the radial bending direction. The bolt load variation decreases with the increase of the convection heat transfer coefficient, but the influence is gradually reduced when the convection heat transfer coefficient reach a certain value. The mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient of bolt with surrounding structure causes the increased variation of bolt tension and bending moment, which may cause either the loosening or the bending failure of bolt joint. The initial preload has no much influence on the thermally-induced bending moment but a moderate influence on the variation of tension.

Key words: axle braking disc, bolt loads, continuous downhill braking, thermal stress analysis

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