• CN：11-2187/TH
  • ISSN：0577-6686
机械工程学报

机械工程学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (8): 195-200.doi: 10.3901/JME.2017.08.195

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煤层气井排采系统有杆泵运行特性分析

刘新福1, 刘春花2, 綦耀光2   

  1. 1. 青岛理工大学机械工程学院 青岛 266520;
    2. 中国石油大学(华东)石油石化装备新技术研究中心 青岛 266580);
  • 出版日期:2017-04-15 发布日期:2017-04-15
  • 作者简介:

    刘新福(通信作者)，男，1983年出生，博士，副教授，硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为机械工程、石油机械工程和海洋工程机电装备与技术。

    E-mail：upcdoctor@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    * 国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05038)、泰山学者工程专项经费(ts201511 038)和山东省重大关键技术(2016ZDJS02A15)资助项目; 20160905收到初稿，20170106收到修改稿;

Operating Performance of Sucker Rod Pump for the Pumping System in Coalbed Methane Wells

LIU Xinfu1, LIU Chunhua2, QI Yaoguang2   

  1. 1. College of Mechanical Engineering， Qingdao University of Technology， Qingdao 266520;
    2. Petrochemical Equipment Research Center， China University of Petroleum， Qingdao 266580
  • Online:2017-04-15 Published:2017-04-15

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摘要：

煤层气井低沉没度下泵的运行特性和气水两相流中的动态充满度直接影响到有杆泵的工作优劣，对保证有杆排采系统的正常工作具有重要意义。基于泵阀动力学和水力摩阻分析，建立有杆泵泵阀动态特性数学模型，依据数值求解并结合泵阀开启试验测试结果，得到低沉没度时泵阀的动态特性和顺利开启的临界沉没度条件，同时依据气液两相流数值求解和泵运行特性试验测试结果，分析出泵筒动态充满度变化规律及合理沉没度时泵高效运行条件。结果表明，泵阀开启瞬间阀球的水力摩阻较大，其幅值周期波动的频率较快且在短时间内迅速变小后趋向平稳;泵阀水力摩阻和临界沉没度随冲程冲次的增大而提升，冲次由2.0 min-1调为6.6 min-1后，临界沉没度由2.55 m升至3.05 m;减小冲次和气液比及增大泵入口压力会显著提升泵筒内液位和充满度，且气液比的影响最为显著;提升沉没度会使泵效先迅速增大，达到70%~80%时出现拐点而后增长缓慢，煤层气井主要泵型的临界沉没度通常介于3.0~6.0 m，而合理沉没度需达到15.0~20.0 m以上，以维持高效运行。

关键词: 动态充满度, 合理沉没度, 有杆泵, 运行特性, 煤层气井

Abstract:

The operating characteristics under low submergence depth and dynamic volumetric efficiency in the two phase gas and water flow will affect the pump performance and provide an important basis for the normal operation of sucker rod pumping system in the coalbed methane (CBM) wells. The mathematical model of dynamic performance for pump valve is developed based on valve dynamics and hydraulic friction. The operating performance and critical submergence depth are given due to the numerical solution and test results of valve open. And the variation of dynamic volumetric efficiency and efficient operating condition of sucker rod pump under reasonable submergence depth are analyzed based on the numerical solution and test results of operating performance. The results show that the hydraulic friction of pump valve is high during the opening moment. Its fluctuating frequency is fast and its amplitude quickly decreases in short time then becomes stable. The critical submergence depth increases from 2.55 m to 3.05 m while the pumping speed rises from 2.0 min-1to 6.6 min-1. The decrease of pumping speed and ratio of gas to water and increase of inlet pressure will enhance the water level and volumetric efficiency in pump. Furthermore, The increase of submergence depth will rise the pump efficiency rapidly, and then the pump efficiency increases slowly while it reaches to 70%~80%. The critical submergence depth is typically between 3.0 m to 6.0 m while the reasonable submergence depth is more than 15.0 m to 20.0 m in order to operate with high efficiency for the most pumps in the CBM wells.

Key words: operating performance, reasonable submergence depth, sucker rod pump, volumetric efficiency, CBM well

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