保护气体对光纤激光焊接5A90温度场分布特征的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2017.16.181

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于红外热像测量技术，通过对不同保护气体时，光纤激光焊接5A90铝锂合金过程的温度场研究，获得了如下结论：改变焊接速度的对比试验表明，保护气体对光纤激光焊接5A90温度场特征及其演变规律影响很大，且在不同焊接速度下，其影响规律也略有不同，但是总体而言，氦气作为保护气体，会使得小孔与熔池更加趋于稳定，小孔中心及小孔后端温度更低。改变激光功率的对比试验表明，氦气保护时，对正面焊缝温度场分布几乎无影响，但是在氩气保护时，影响却较大，其小孔中心特征值温度均值增加158℃，熔池长度的差异也很大。结果表明，这两种保护气体下激光能量的吸收、熔池的流动等有所不同，也表明改变激光功率和改变焊接速度，即使热输入相同，但是焊缝的热历程却有所不同。

关键词: 5A90铝锂合金, 光纤激光焊接, 红外热像, 温度场

Abstract: Based on infrared thermograph technique, the characteristics of 5A90 temperature field are studied in laser welding with different shielding gases, and some relevant conclusions are obtained:At different welding speeds, the shielding gas has great influence on the temperature field characteristics and the evolution law of 5A90 in laser welding, and the influence law is slightly different.In general, when helium(He) is used as the shielding gas, the keyhole and the molten pool are more stable, and the keyhole center and back temperature is lower. At different laser power, the temperature field distribution on face of weld is almost not affected when He is used as the shielding gas. However, it has a significant difference when argon(Ar) is used as the shielding gas. For example, the mean temperature of the characteristics of the keyhole center increases by 158℃. In addition, the molten pool length exists large difference between helium and argon as the shielding gas. The results show that the effect of these two gases is different in the absorption of laser energy and the flow of molten pool. Moreover, it is also indicated that the thermal process of the welding joint is slightly different, even if the heat input is same under different laser power and welding speed.

Key words: 5A90 Al-Li alloy, fiber laser welding, infrared thermal image, temperature field

中图分类号:

TG456

段爱琴, 巩水利, 刘飞. 保护气体对光纤激光焊接5A90温度场分布特征的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(16): 181-189.

DUAN Aiqin, GONG Shuili, LIU Fei. Influence of Shielding Gas on Temperature Field Distribution during Laser Welding of 5A90[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 53(16): 181-189.

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