线圈自激励电磁超声换能器设计及特性研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2017.16.134

机械工程学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (16): 134-140.doi: 10.3901/JME.2017.16.134

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线圈自激励电磁超声换能器设计及特性研究

何健鹏¹, 徐科², 任威平²

1. 北京科技大学高效轧制国家工程研究中心北京 100083;
2. 北京科技大学钢铁共性技术协同创新中心北京 100083

收稿日期:2016-09-06 修回日期:2017-01-08 发布日期:2017-08-20
通讯作者: 徐科(通信作者),男,1972年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为图像处理与无损检测技术。E-mail:xuke@ustb.edu.cn E-mail:xuke@ustb.edu.cn
作者简介:何健鹏,男,1987年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为电磁超声无损检测。E-mail:sz32an@163.com
基金资助:
十二五国家科技支撑计划（2012BAB19B06）和教育部博士点基金（20120006110033）资助项目

EMAT Design of Self-excitation with Coils and Its Characteristics Study

HE Jianpeng¹, XU Ke², REN Weiping²

1. National Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rolling Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083;
2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083

Received:2016-09-06 Revised:2017-01-08 Published:2017-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 提出一种线圈自激励电磁超声换能器模型，该换能器无需磁铁提供静态磁场，可以避免磁铁对铁磁性材料吸附带来的不利影响，同时可以大大降低换能器质量。通过有限元仿真和试验结合的方法对所设计的换能器性能进行研究，随着提离距离提高，A₀兰姆波的衰减速率要快于S₀兰姆波，这是由于S₀兰姆波主要由磁致伸缩力引起的面内振动产生，动态磁场在6 mm提离距离时仍然具有较大水平分量。与之相比，A₀兰姆波主要由动态洛伦兹力引起，感应涡流强度及动态磁场强度在大于3 mm提离距离后都有明显衰减，动态洛伦兹力引起的面外振动衰减迅速。线圈自激励换能器可以在6 mm提离距离激励较纯净S₀兰姆波，优于传统换能器3 mm提离距离。最后，对两种兰姆波指向性进行研究，波长较长的S₀兰姆波具有更大的检测范围。

关键词: 磁致伸缩力, 电磁超声, 兰姆波, 洛伦兹力, 提离距离

Abstract: An electromagnetic acoustic transducer(EMAT) model of self-excitation with coils is proposed. The new EMAT can avoid attraction between the magnet and ferromagnetic particles, as there is no need of magnet providing field. Furthermore, the weight of the EMAT reduces dramatically. Characteristics of the EMAT are investigated by both finite element and experimental methods. A₀ Lamb wave attenuates more rapidly than S₀ Lamb wave. At the lift-off distance of 6 mm, the dynamic magnetic field still has a large horizontal component to excite S₀ Lamb wave by magnetostriction mechanism. In comparison, A₀ Lamb is mainly generated by dynamic Lorentz force. Both the current density and the dynamic magnetic field attenuate markedly after 3 mm, leading to the rapid decrease of out-of-plane vibration produced by dynamic Lorentz force. The coil-only EMAT is able to generate pure S₀ Lamb at the lift-off of 6 mm. This distance is much higher than traditional EMATs, which is usually lower than 3 mm. Finally, directionality of the lamb waves is studied and S₀ Lamb is more suitable for wide range detection because of the longer wavelength.

Key words: EMAT, Lamb wave, lift-off distance, lorentz force, magnetostriction force

中图分类号:

TP212

何健鹏, 徐科, 任威平. 线圈自激励电磁超声换能器设计及特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(16): 134-140.

HE Jianpeng, XU Ke, REN Weiping. EMAT Design of Self-excitation with Coils and Its Characteristics Study[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 53(16): 134-140.

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线圈自激励电磁超声换能器设计及特性研究

EMAT Design of Self-excitation with Coils and Its Characteristics Study

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