• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

›› 2014, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (11): 50-59.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于功能分析的新型装载机构型综合研究

蔡敢为;潘宇晨; 王红州;戴建生   

  1. 广西大学机械工程学院;钦州学院物理与电子工程学院;伦敦大学国王学院;天津大学机构理论与装备设计教育部重点实验室
  • 发布日期:2014-06-05

Functional Analysis Based Type Synthesis of a Novel Type of Loading Mechanisms

CAI Ganwei,;PAN Yuchen,;WANG Hongzhou,;DAI Jiansheng   

  1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University; College of Physics and Electronic, Qinzhou University; King’s College London, University of London; Key Laboratory for Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education
  • Published:2014-06-05

摘要: 传统的机械式工程机械采用单自由度机构,所能完成的动作单一,动作轨迹不能变化;液压式工程机械可以灵活地执行各种工程动作,但其液压系统零部件的精度要求和成本高、可靠性不理想、易漏油、传动效率低等不足。这个棘手问题长期未能有效解决。将变胞机构和多自由度可控机构应用于工程机械等领域,可克服现在的机械式和液压式工程机械的各自不足,既能像液压式工程机械那样变化运动轨迹、执行各种动作,又没有液压系统的缺陷,具有良好的应用前景。研究这类新型机构的型综合问题,针对现有典型装载机产品的特点,采用工作机理的动作表达方法,将液压式装载机的工作机理作为依据和出发点,把其转化为工艺动作过程。结合变胞机构、可控机构、及并联机构等有关研究成果,综合应用构型演化法、基于螺旋理论的约束综合法等机构创新设计理论和方法,在功能分析的基础上完成了装载机新型执行机构的概念设计。获得了一批新型多自由度可控机构式装载机构构型,包括具有变胞功能的可控机构式装载机构构型,并由试验验证了多自由度可控机构用于装载机等工程机械的可行性,为这类机构的应用提供了一定的参考。

关键词: 装载机;功能分析;创新设计;型综合;可控机构;变胞机构

Abstract: Traditional single degree-of-freedom (DOF) mechanical engineering machinery lacks flexibility because of its structural limitations. Hydraulic engineering machinery can achieve flexible output trajectories, but there still exists some problems such as high costs of manufacturing and maintaining, high accuracy requests, low transmission efficiency and reliability, hydraulic leaks. This is an unsolved thorny issue of long-term. Applying multi-DOF controllable mechanism and metamorphic mechanism to engineering machinery can overcome the deficiency of both traditional products respectively. This new type of construction machinery can obtain flexible output as hydraulic ones when overcome the problems they have, of which the application prospect may be promising. The type synthesis problem is studied. Working principle of traditional hydraulic loaders is analyzed first, based on which the technical action process is obtained using the behavior expression of working principles method. Then the conceptual design on the basis of functional analysis is introduced applying constraint synthesis methods based on screw theory and configuration evolution method combining the innovative design results of controllable mechanisms, metamorphic mechanisms and parallel mechanisms. Series of novel configurations of multi-DOF controllable mechanism type loaders, as well as the ones with metamorphic functions are obtained. Loading experiments are conducted, of which the results verified the feasibility that multi-DOF controllable mechanism can be applied in construction machineries such as loaders, which may also provide some references for the application of the mechanism.

Key words: loader;functional analysis;innovative design;type synthesis;controllable mechanism;metamorphic mechanisms

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