• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

›› 1957, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (1): 54-69.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

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加工前后球墨铸铁的机械性能的研究

张作梅;郭胜泉;徐有容   

  1. 中国科学院金属研究所
  • 发布日期:1957-01-01

THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NODULAR CAST IRON BEFORE AND AFTER MECHANICAL WORKING

Chang TSO-Mei;Kuoh Shengchuen;Shu uyung   

  1. Institute of Metal Research Academia Sinioa
  • Published:1957-01-01

摘要: 本文描述了压延后球墨铸铁板材的方向性,以及加工前后的疲劳性能,热处理、切口和压力加工对于不同温度(-87°~1070℃)下的冲击性能,亦曾作了详细的研究。结果示出:在板材中方向性的出现是逐渐的,随着压下率的增加而增大,其中以抗张强度和延伸率表现得最为显著,降伏强度σ0.2则较不显著。压下率为40%以下时,板材在各方向上的冲击值均提高不少。压力加工可以提高疲劳性能,在压下率为80%时,沿着压延方向的疲劳极限较铸态的提高27%,与压延方向垂直的方向则较铸态的降低了3.3%,在球墨铸铁的疲劳断口上,并未发现典型疲劳断口中的光滑部分。墨化热处理可以提高铸态球墨铁的冲击值1/2至4倍(试验温度从-87°至1070℃,试样上无切口)。球墨铸铁试样的切口敏感性很高:无切口试样试验的结果较梅氏切口的高3.2~5.7倍,梅氏切口试样的冲击值亦较V形切口的为高。压力加工也可以提高球墨铸铁的冲击值。当锻造断面减缩率为93.5%,其纵向的冲击值在950℃时达到11.2千克-米/厘米2,约为在同一温度下铸态材料的3倍;在低温下,直到-82℃的温度仍保持着3.6~4.63千克-米/厘米2的数值,并无低温变脆的趋势。

Abstract: This paper describes the directional properties and the fatigue properties of rolled nodular cast iron sheets. It also contains comprehensive results on the influence of mechanical working, notch arid heat-treatment on the Charpy impact values within the temperature range of -87o and 1070℃. Results of investigation show that the occurrence of directional properties in rolled sheets is gradual, increasing with the increase in reduction in thickness by rolling. Ultimate tensile strength and elongation show more prominently the directional properties; while the proof stress σ0.2 does not give so great a difference in directions parallel and transverse to the direction of rolling. When the reduction in thickness is within 40%, there is an appreciable increase in Charpy impact value in all directions in the rolled sheet. Mechanical working improves the fatigue properties. At the reduction of 80%, the endurence limit in the rolling direction is raised by 27% as compared with the value in the cast condition. In the transverse direction, however, it is reduced by 3.3%. No well-ground surface is round on the fracture of the specimen. Heat-treatment raises the Charpy inpact values considerably. When there is no notch on the specimen, the impact values may be raised from 1/2 to 4 times by heat-treatment within the temperature range of -78 to 1070℃. Nodular cast iron is very sensitive to notch effect. Specimens with no notch give impact values 3.2-5.7 times those given by specimens having the standard Mesnager notch. Besides, specimens having the Mesnager notch yield results higher than those having the V-notch. Mechanical working also improves the Charpy impact value. When the reduction in cross-sectional area by forging reaches 93.5%, the impact value at 950℃ is 11.2 kg-m/sq. cm., which is 3 times the value of the cast material at the same temperature. Below room temperature, no cold-brittleness has been found in this highly-worked material up to the temperature of -820℃. The impact values remain within that temperature range at the values of 3.6-4.63 kg-m/sq. cm.