桥墩沉降下轨道结构变形对高速磁浮列车动力响应影响研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260863

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究桥墩沉降引起的轨道结构变形对列车运行安全性与舒适性的影响，基于有限元方法建立考虑轨道结构层间相互作用关系的高速磁浮轨道系统精细化模型，分析考虑温度效应与收缩徐变作用下桥墩沉降对轨道结构变形的影响规律；结合有限元-多体系统动力学理论(Finite element method-Multi-body dynamics，FEM-MBD)，建立高速磁浮列车-轨道梁耦合系统非线性动力学模型，研究高速磁浮列车通过桥墩沉降区段系统的动态特性。研究结果表明，温度效应与收缩徐变显著加剧轨道几何形变，竖向升温与桥墩沉降共同作用时尤为严重。当桥墩沉降幅值达到25 mm时，悬浮间隙波动超出规范限值，但车体垂向振动加速度仍低于车桥响应限值，故研究桥墩沉降对高速磁浮列车动力响应时应综合考虑车体动力响应舒适性指标与悬浮间隙动态波动安全性指标。频域分析显示，桥墩沉降导致车体与悬浮架垂向振动加速度功率谱密度在1～4 Hz(低频段)与5～20 Hz(中低频段)显著增加，但对列车振动最明显的仍是轨道梁跨度产生的周期性激励。研究结论以期为高速磁浮系统的设计与服役安全提供参考。

关键词: 高速磁浮列车, 车轨耦合振动, 桥墩沉降, 轨道结构变形, 动力响应

Abstract: To investigate the impact of track structure deformation induced by pier settlement on the operational safety and ride comfort of high-speed maglev trains, a refined finite element model of the high-speed maglev track system is developed in this study, considering the interlayer interaction within the track structure. The influence of pier settlement on track structure deformation under temperature effects and shrinkage-creep is analyzed. Based on the finite element theory-multi-body dynamics(FEM-MBD), a nonlinear vehicle-track beam coupled system dynamic model is established to study the dynamic characteristics of high-speed maglev trains passing through pier settlement regions. The results show that temperature effects and shrinkage-creep significantly aggravate geometric deformation of the track, especially under the combined action of vertical temperature rise and pier settlement. When the settlement amplitude reaches 25 mm, the fluctuation of the suspension gap exceeds the regulatory limit, while the vertical vibration acceleration of the carbody remains below the allowable limit for train-bridge dynamic response. Therefore, when evaluating the influence of pier settlement on the dynamic response of high-speed maglev trains, both ride comfort indicators based on carbody dynamics and safety indicators related to the dynamic fluctuation of the suspension gap should be considered. Frequency-domain analysis indicates that pier settlement causes a marked increase in the power spectral density of vertical vibration acceleration of the carbody and suspension frame in the low-frequency range (1-4 Hz) and mid-low-frequency range (5-20 Hz). However, the most dominant factor affecting train vibration remains the periodic excitation induced by the span of the track beam. The findings are expected to provide a reference for the design and operational safety of high-speed maglev systems.

Key words: high-speed maglev train, vehicle-track coupled vibration, pier settlement, track structure deformation, dynamic response

中图分类号:

U237
U213

李国芳, 史新生, 付善强, 张修璐, 李汶轩, 张延永. 桥墩沉降下轨道结构变形对高速磁浮列车动力响应影响研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(16): 72-83.

LI Guofang, SHI Xinsheng, FU Shanqiang, ZHANG Xiulu, LI Wenxuan, ZHANG Yanyong. Study on the Impact of Track Structure Deformation Induced by Pier Settlement on the Dynamic Response of High-speed Maglev Train[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(16): 72-83.

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http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I16/72

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