• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (16): 253-270.doi: 10.3901/JME.260728

• 特邀专辑:轨道运载装备动态设计理论与运维技术 • 上一篇    

扫码分享

基于平衡优化器-滑模控制的三万吨级重载列车虚拟编组协同控制<

王美琪1,2, 王晨曦1, 刘鹏飞2, 安立愿3, 丁浩4, 王瑞晨1   

  1. 1. 石家庄铁道大学机械工程学院 石家庄 050043;
    2. 石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室 石家庄 050043;
    3. 国能铁路装备有限责任公司肃宁车辆维修分公司 肃宁 062350;
    4. 国能朔黄铁路发展有限责任公司 肃宁 062350
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-04 修回日期:2026-03-03 发布日期:2026-10-14
  • 作者简介:王美琪,男,1988年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为非线性动力学、车辆动力学与控制。E-mail:wangmeiqi@stdu.edu.cn;刘鹏飞(通信作者),男,1986年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为车辆动力学、列车-轨道耦合动力学。E-mail:lpfswjtu@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52422218,U2569213,12472020,12393783)、河北省自然科学基金(E2025210158,E2024210122)、河北省重大科技支撑计划国际科技合作专项(24292201Z)和河北省全职引进高端人才科研(2024HBQZYCXY014)资助项目。

Cooperative Control of Virtual Marshalling for 30 000-ton Heavy-haul Trains Based on EO-SMC

WANG Meiqi1,2, WANG Chenxi1, LIU Pengfei2, AN Liyuan3, DING Hao4, WANG Ruichen1   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043;
    3. Suning Rolling Stock Maintenance Branch of China Energy Railway Equipment Co., Ltd., Suning 062350;
    4. China Energy Shuohuang Railway Development Co., Ltd., Suning 062350
  • Received:2025-08-04 Revised:2026-03-03 Published:2026-10-14

摘要: 随着重载运输需求的不断增长,传统的物理编组方式在提升运输能力方面面临瓶颈,虚拟编组技术作为一种新兴的列车控制方式,为突破重载运输能力限制提供了新的解决方案。然而,重载列车具有强非线性和大惯性等特性,传统控制策略在面对复杂运行环境和外界干扰时,往往存在响应速度慢、稳定性差和抗干扰能力不足的问题。为解决此问题提出一种基于平衡优化器-滑模的三万吨级重载列车虚拟编组协同控制方法。该方法将平衡优化器算法与滑模控制技术相结合,利用平衡优化器算法的寻优能力对滑模控制算法(Sliding mode control,SMC)控制器的主要参数进行优化,同时发挥滑模控制器对非线性系统内外扰动的强鲁棒性,实现了虚拟编组各单元列车在保持安全间距的前提下列车间的精确跟踪效果。结果表明,相对于比例积分、微分控制算法(Proportional-integral-derivative,PID)控制和人工势场控制,采用平衡优化仪器控制算法(Equilibrium optimizer-sliding mode control,EO-SMC)控制算法的跟随1和跟随2列车向目标安全间距的收敛速度有显著提高,大大缩短了虚拟编组的形成时间。同时,该控制策略在干扰环境下表现出良好的跟踪精度和抗干扰能力,有效抑制了列车运行过程中的纵向冲动,提高了三万吨重载列车虚拟编组系统整体的稳定性和运行效率。

关键词: 虚拟编组, 重载列车, 纵向动力学, 滑模控制, 平衡优化器

Abstract: With the continuous growth of heavy-haul transportation demands, traditional physical marshalling methods are facing bottlenecks in enhancing transportation capacity. Virtual marshalling technology, as an emerging train control approach, offers a new solution to break through the limitations of heavy-haul transportation capacity. However, heavy-haul trains possess strong nonlinearity and large inertia, and traditional control strategies often suffer from slow response, poor stability, and insufficient anti-interference capabilities when dealing with complex operating environments and external disturbances. To address this issue, a virtual marshalling coordinated control method for 30 000-ton heavy-haul trains based on the Equilibrium optimizer-sliding mode is proposed. This method combines the equilibrium optimizer algorithm with sliding mode control technology, using the optimization capability of the equilibrium optimizer algorithm to optimize the main parameters of the SMC controller, while leveraging the strong robustness of the sliding mode controller against internal and external disturbances of nonlinear systems. This achieves precise tracking between the units of the virtual marshalling train while maintaining a safe distance. The results show that compared with PID control and artificial potential field control, the convergence speed of the follower 1 and follower 2 trains to the target safe distance using the EO-SMC control algorithm is significantly improved, greatly reducing the formation time of the virtual marshalling. Meanwhile, this control strategy demonstrates excellent tracking accuracy and anti-interference capabilities in the presence of disturbances, effectively suppressing longitudinal impulses during train operation, and enhancing the overall stability and operational efficiency of the 30 000-ton heavy-haul train virtual marshalling system.

Key words: virtual marshalling, heavy-load train, longitudinal dynamics, sliding mode control, equilibrium optimizer

中图分类号: