钻柱纵-扭耦合非线性振动试验与数值模拟研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.23.134

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用一种新型多功能实验钻机研究了钻柱纵-扭耦合非线性振动，该钻机具有多种配置方案，能够模拟所有重要的钻柱振动类型，包括黏滑、跳钻、涡动和螺旋屈曲。首先，开展了钻柱黏滑振动试验与参数研究，揭示了黏滑振动机理，以及钻柱纵向振动与扭转振动间的相互耦合，试验结果表明：提高驱动转速和降低有效钻压均有助于减轻钻柱的扭转振动，甚至消除黏滑现象。其次，开展了稳态钻进条件下钻头破岩试验研究，据此建立了钻头-岩石相互作用模型，并进行了特征参数识别。在此基础上，构建了考虑黏滑、跳钻和钻头破岩再生效应的钻柱纵-扭耦合振动集总参数模型，模型计算结果与试验测试结果的高度一致验证了该模型的正确性和有效性，并进一步开展了钻柱纵-扭耦合非线性振动的数值模拟研究。研究结果为优化钻柱结构及钻井参数，降低钻柱有害振动，提高钻井效率奠定了理论基础。

关键词: 钻柱系统, 纵-扭耦合振动, 黏滑振动特性, 钻头-岩石相互作用, 集总参数模型

Abstract: The nonlinear coupled longitudinal-torsional vibration of a drill-string is investigated by using a novel multifunctional experimental drilling rig capable of simulating key vibration modes, including stick-slip, bit-bounce, whirling, and helical buckling. Experimental and parametric studies first elucidate the stick-slip vibration mechanism and the longitudinal-torsional coupling effects. Results demonstrate that increasing the driving speed and reducing the effective weight-on-bit can help to alleviate the torsional vibration of drill-string and even eliminate the stick-slip phenomenon. Subsequently, steady-state drilling experiments examine bit-rock interaction, leading to the development of a mathematical model with characteristic parameter identification. Based on these findings, a lumped parameter model incorporating stick-slip, bit-bounce, and the regeneration effect of rock-breaking is established. The model's validity is confirmed through excellent agreement between simulations and experimental data, enabling further numerical analysis of nonlinear coupled longitudinal-torsional vibration. The research results provide theoretical basis for optimizing drill-string structure and drilling parameters to suppress harmful vibration and enhance drilling efficiency.

Key words: drill-string system, coupled longitudinal-torsional vibration, stick-slip vibration properties, bit-rock interaction, lumped parameter model

中图分类号:

TE38

谢豆, 伍沁瑶, 厍伦元, 邹敏, 万长成, 李伟成. 钻柱纵-扭耦合非线性振动试验与数值模拟研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(23): 134-144.

XIE Dou, WU Qinyao, SHE Lunyuan, ZOU Min, WANG Changcheng, LI Weicheng. Experimental and Numerical Simulation Research on the Nonlinear Coupled Longitudinal-torsional Vibration of a Drill-string[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(23): 134-144.

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