极端温度荷载下齿轨铁路超大坡度桥上齿轨系统可靠性研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.18.267

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国西南山区规划了多条齿轨铁路，由于西南山区地势起伏大，导致齿轨铁路中存在很多超大坡度桥梁；同时考虑到山区温度起伏波动大，引起齿轨系统与桥梁系统变形不协调，导致齿轨系统出现连接失效等不可靠现象。针对极端温度荷载引起的车辆-齿轨(轨道)-超大坡度桥梁系统相互作用问题，基于列车-轨道-桥梁动力相互作用理论，考虑齿轨动态啮合行为与轮轨非线性接触行为，构建极端温度下车辆-齿轨(轨道)-超大坡度桥梁系统动力作用研究方法和动力学模型；在此基础上研究紧固件和传统弹条式扣件连接下齿轨系统的连接可靠性，然后根据传统弹条式扣件进行针对齿轨系统的优化，提出优化弹条式扣件关键参数安全域。研究表明-45 ℃的极端温度荷载下，齿轨与轨枕采用不同连接方式对齿轨系统应力影响巨大；采用紧固件连接时，齿轨及紧固件螺栓应力最大值分别为1 095 MPa和1 980 MPa，均超过其材料强度；采用传统弹条式扣件连接时，齿轨及紧固件螺栓应力最大值分别为203 MPa和38 MPa，均未超过其材料强度，但齿轨与轨枕的弹性位移超过传统弹条式扣件允许范围；采用优化弹条式扣件连接时，可满足齿轨系统可靠性需求。研究成果可为我国齿轨铁路前期设计及后期运维提供理论依据。

关键词: 极端温度, 齿轨铁路, 弹条式扣件, 力学特性, 可靠性

Abstract: Many rack railways are planned in the southwest mountain areas of China. Due to the undulating terrain in the southwest mountain areas, there are many super-slope bridges in the rack railways; meanwhile, considering the large temperature fluctuation in mountainous areas, the deformation of the rack system and the bridge system is not coordinated, which may lead to unreliable phenomena such as connection failure of the rack system. Aiming at the interaction problem of vehicle-rack (track)-bridge system with super-slope caused by extreme temperature load, based on the theory of train-track-bridge dynamic interaction, considering the dynamic meshing behavior of rack and the nonlinear contact behavior of wheel rail, the research method and dynamic model of vehicle-rack (track)-bridge system with super-slope under extreme temperature are constructed; On this basis, the connection reliability of the rack system under the connection of fasteners and traditional spring bar fasteners is studied, and then the optimization of the rack system is carried out according to the traditional spring bar fasteners, and the safety region of the key parameters of the optimized spring bar fasteners is proposed. The research shows that under the extreme temperature load of minus 45 ℃, the different connection modes of the rack and sleeper have a great impact on the stress of the rack system; When fasteners are used for connection, the maximum stresses of the rack and bolt are 1 095 MPa and 1 980 MPa, both exceeding their material strength; When the traditional spring bar fastener is used for connection, the maximum stress of the rack and bolt is 203 MPa and 38 MPa, which does not exceed the material strength, but the elastic displacement of the rack and sleeper exceeds the allowable range of the traditional spring bar fastener; When the optimized spring bar fastener is used for connection, the reliability requirements of the rack system can be met. The research results of this paper can provide theoretical basis for the early design and later operation and maintenance of China's rack railway.

Key words: extreme temperature, rack railway, spring bar fastener, mechanical properties, reliability

中图分类号:

陈兆玮, 王浪, 李世辉, 袁密奥, 蒲前华, 杨吉忠, 陈志辉. 极端温度荷载下齿轨铁路超大坡度桥上齿轨系统可靠性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(18): 267-277.

CHEN Zhaowei, WANG Lang, LI Shihui, YUAN Miao, PU Qianhua, YANG Jizhong, CHEN Zhihui. Study on Reliability of Rack System on Super-slope Bridge of Rack Railway under Extreme Temperature Load[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(18): 267-277.

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