空间反射镜胶接建模及面形精度分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.13.255

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 胶黏连接技术广泛应用于空间反射镜光学组件的装配环节，是影响反射镜面形精度的关键制造工艺之一。空间反射镜高度轻量化的镜片与背部支撑结构之间采用胶黏连接装配，其黏接固化应力是引起反射镜镜面变形的关键因素。针对空间反射镜硅橡胶黏接装配工艺，建立了基于广义Maxwell模型和时固等效原理的硅橡胶非线性黏弹性力学模型，综合考虑了胶黏剂固化收缩、物态变化以及松弛蠕变行为，实现了重力场作用下硅橡胶黏接固化过程中空间反射镜应力变形演变的仿真计算，并分析了胶接位置、胶层厚度及胶斑面积等胶接参数对650 mm口径的反射镜面形精度的影响规律，最后采用灵敏度分析法从三个角度对反射镜面形RMS值对胶接参数的敏感性进行了分析。研究结果为精密光机产品胶接装配工艺分析与优化提供了模型理论基础和分析方法借鉴。

关键词: 硅橡胶, 反射镜, 胶黏连接, 黏弹性, 面形精度

Abstract: Adhesive bonding technology is extensively employed in the assembly of optical components for space reflectors, serving as a critical manufacturing process impacting the surface-figure accuracy of the reflector. The space reflector with a highly lightweight body is usually assembled with its back support structures by adhesive bonding, where the curing stress is a key factor in the deformation of the mirror surface. For the bonding assembly process of a space reflector with a silicone rubber, a nonlinear viscoelastic mechanical model based on the generalized Maxwell model and the principle of time-curing equivalence is developed for the silicone rubber. This model comprehensively accounts for the curing shrinkage, changes in physical state, and relaxation creep behaviors of the adhesive, facilitating the stress and deformation simulations of the space reflector during the curing process under gravitational influence. The influences of bonding parameters such as bonding position, adhesive layer thickness, and adhesive spot area on the surface-figure accuracy of a 650 mm diameter reflector is analyzed. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the dependence relationships among the RMSs of the reflector and these three bonding parameters from three aspects. This study provides the modeling theoretical basis and analysis method for the analysis and optimization of the adhesive assembly process of precision optomechanical products.

Key words: silicone rubber, reflector, adhesive bonding, viscoelasticity, surface-figure accuracy

中图分类号:

TH161

周杰臣, 刘检华, 夏焕雄, 张秀敏, 赵裕玺, 孟军峰. 空间反射镜胶接建模及面形精度分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(13): 255-264.

ZHOU Jiechen, LIU Jianhua, XIA Huanxiong, ZHANG Xiumin, ZHAO Yuxi, MENG Junfeng. Modeling and Surface-figure Analysis of Bonding Assembly of a Spatial Reflector[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(13): 255-264.

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