面向认知摩擦的可供性物质—场产品创新方法

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.09.411

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (9): 411-423.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.09.411

• 数字化设计与制造 • 上一篇

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面向认知摩擦的可供性物质—场产品创新方法

白仲航^1,2,3, 毕珈宁^1,2,3, 刘亚群^1,2,3, 赵瑞^1,2,3, 丁满^1,3, 战俊杰^1,3

1. 河北工业大学建筑与艺术设计学院天津 300132;
2. 河北工业大学国家技术创新方法与实施工具工程技术研究中心天津 300401;
3. 河北省健康人居环境重点实验室天津 300132

收稿日期:2024-05-15 修回日期:2024-11-01 发布日期:2025-06-12
通讯作者: 白仲航,男,1978年出生,博士后,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为创新设计、功能设计。E-mail:baizhonghang@hebut.edu.cn E-mail:baizhonghang@hebut.edu.cn
作者简介:毕珈宁,女,2000年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为产品设计、创新设计。E-mail:15232585712@163.com;刘亚群,女,1996年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为产品设计、创新设计。E-mail:lyq755928@163.com;赵瑞,女,1999年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为产品设计,创新设计。E-mail:13315514412@163.com;丁满,女,1979年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为智能设计。E-mail:dingman@hebut.edu.cn;战俊杰,男,1991年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为产品结构优化设计。E-mail:zhanjunjie@hebut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52242508，52275243)。

An Innovative Approach for Cognitive Friction-oriented Affordance Substance-field Products

BAI Zhonghang^1,2,3, BI Jianing^1,2,3, LIU Yaqun^1,2,3, ZHAO Rui^1,2,3, DING Man^1,3, ZHAN Junjie^1,3

1. School of Architecture & Art Design, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300132;
2. National Engineering Research Center for Technological Innovation Method and Tool, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401;
3. Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Healthy Human Settlements, Tianjin 300132

Received:2024-05-15 Revised:2024-11-01 Published:2025-06-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为使产品易于被用户理解，降低用户对产品的认知摩擦，提出可供性物质—场产品创新方法。首先分析了可供性在缩短产品现实模型与用户心理模型之间差距的作用，并提出期待可供性和实际可供性；其次利用通用可供性模板和产品功能信息及操作信息等确定待研究的可供性项，利用Kano模型计算设计人员的期待可供性、利用粗数方法计算用户接收的实际可供性，并依据两者函数关系确定需要改进的可供性问题项；然后以TRIZ理论中物质—场、功能模型和冲突区域等对可供性问题项进行分析，寻找初始冲突区域并确定可供性项类型；最后针对确定的最终冲突区域建立可供性物质—场模型，依据转化的标准解获得解决方案。在此基础上形成面向认知摩擦的可供性物质—场产品创新方法，并应用该流程对割草机进行改进设计，验证了其有效性。

关键词: TRIZ, 可供性, 物质—场, 标准解, 认知摩擦

Abstract: In order to make the product easy to be understood by users and reduce the cognitive friction of the product by users, the affordance substance-field product innovation method is proposed. Firstly, we analyze the role of affordance in reducing the gap between the product reality model and the user's mental model, and propose expected affordance and actual affordance; secondly, we identify the affordance item to be studied by using the generic affordance structure template and product function and operation information, etc., calculate the expected affordance of designers by using the Kano model, calculate the actual affordance received by users by using the coarse number method, and determine the affordance item to be studied based on the functional relationship between the two Identify the affordance item that need to be improved; then, the Kano model and the coarse number method are used to calculate the expected affordance of designers and the actual affordance received by users to determine the affordance item to be improved; then the affordance problem item is analyzed by substance-field, functional model and conflict area in TRIZ theory, find the initial conflict area and determine the type of affordance item; finally, the affordance substance-field model is established for the determined final conflict area, and the solution is obtained based on the transformed standard solution. On this basis, the affordance substance-field product innovation method for cognitive friction is formed, and the effectiveness of the process is verified by applying it to the improved design of lawn mower.

Key words: TRIZ, affordance, substance-field, standard solution, cognitive friction

中图分类号:

TG122

白仲航, 毕珈宁, 刘亚群, 赵瑞, 丁满, 战俊杰. 面向认知摩擦的可供性物质—场产品创新方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(9): 411-423.

BAI Zhonghang, BI Jianing, LIU Yaqun, ZHAO Rui,DING Man, ZHAN Junjie. An Innovative Approach for Cognitive Friction-oriented Affordance Substance-field Products[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(9): 411-423.

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面向认知摩擦的可供性物质—场产品创新方法

An Innovative Approach for Cognitive Friction-oriented Affordance Substance-field Products

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