面向飞行器和车辆的地面效应模拟技术综述与展望

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.09.314

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (9): 314-334.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.09.314

• 机械动力学 • 上一篇

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面向飞行器和车辆的地面效应模拟技术综述与展望

张鹏飞^1,2, 安晨辉^1,2, 李文俊^1,2, 冯凯^1,2

1. 湖南大学机械与运载工程学院长沙 410082;
2. 高端智能装备关键部件湖南省重点实验室长沙 410082

收稿日期:2024-09-07 修回日期:2024-12-28 发布日期:2025-06-12
通讯作者: 安晨辉,男,1981年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为精密静压轴承、超精密加工和精密光学。E-mail:anchenhui@hnu.edu.cn E-mail:anchenhui@hnu.edu.cn
作者简介:张鹏飞,男,1994年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为近场声悬浮技术、地面效应模拟技术。E-mail:zhangpf0371@163.com;李文俊,男,1988年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为超精密加工、航空航天和先进流控技术。E-mail:wenjunli@hnu.edu.cn;冯凯,男,1982年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为高速、精密气体润滑技术、振动分析与控制和超精密气浮平台等。E-mail:kfeng@hnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52475189)、国家重点研发计划(2021YFF0603000)、湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ30140,2023JJ30128)和高端压缩机及系统技术全国重点实验室开放基金(SKL-YSJ202202)资助项目。

Overview and Prospect on Ground Effect Simulation Technology of Aircraft and Vehicles

ZHANG Pengfei^1,2, AN Chenhui^1,2, LI Wenjun^1,2, FENG Kai^1,2

1. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082;
2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Components for Frontier Equipment, Changsha 410082

Received:2024-09-07 Revised:2024-12-28 Published:2025-06-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近地高速运动物体的气动特性会显著受到地面的影响，地面效应模拟技术是研究飞行器起降过程和车辆高速行驶时气动特性的关键手段，也是空气动力学研究的主要难点之一。为研究飞行器近地飞行或起降时的气动特性，以及车辆在路面高速行驶时汽车底部的流场分布，国内外学者针对地面效应模拟机理和系统设计等问题开展了一系列研究。从地面效应技术、模拟方法、模拟系统设计以及面临的挑战和发展方向等四个方面梳理了地面效应模拟技术的核心问题，重点阐述了边界层控制技术、正负压非接触吸附技术和空气动载荷下皮带跳动抑制等核心技术，总结了现有组成地面效应模拟平台的子系统和设计方法，并对地面效应模拟技术的发展趋势和挑战进行了分析与展望，以期为空气动力学、车辆工程等相关专业的学者提供参考和对比。

关键词: 地面效应, 活动地板, 边界层, 正负压吸附系统

Abstract: The ground will significantly affect the aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed objects near the road. The ground effect simulation technology is a crucial method to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft in the takeoff and landing process and high-speed vehicles. It is also a main bottleneck in aerodynamic research. In order to study the aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft flying near the road or taking off and landing and the flow field distribution under the high-speed vehicle on the road surface, scholars have carried out research on the simulation mechanism of ground effect and its platform design. A review on the challenges and development directions of ground effect technology, simulation method, and simulation platform design is covered. Its core ground effect simulation technology is emphasized in the review, which are the boundary layer control method, non-contact positive-negative pressure adsorption system, and moving belt reduction under aerodynamic load, respectively. Moreover, the subsystems and design methods of the proposed ground effect simulation platform are also summarized and analyzed. In addition, the development trends and challenges of ground effect simulation technology are analyzed and prospected to provide reference and comparison for scholars in aerodynamics, vehicle engineering, and related fields.

Key words: ground effect, moving floor, boundary layer, positive-negative pressure adsorption system

中图分类号:

TH117
V224

张鹏飞, 安晨辉, 李文俊, 冯凯. 面向飞行器和车辆的地面效应模拟技术综述与展望[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(9): 314-334.

ZHANG Pengfei, AN Chenhui, LI Wenjun, FENG Kai. Overview and Prospect on Ground Effect Simulation Technology of Aircraft and Vehicles[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(9): 314-334.

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面向飞行器和车辆的地面效应模拟技术综述与展望

Overview and Prospect on Ground Effect Simulation Technology of Aircraft and Vehicles

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