冲击连接工艺参数对铝钢接头界面的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.22.254

机械工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (22): 254-264.doi: 10.3901/JME.2023.22.254

扫码分享

冲击连接工艺参数对铝钢接头界面的影响

孟正华^1,2,3, 周睿⁴, 龚梦圆⁴, 刘维⁴, 郭巍^1,3,5

1. 现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室武汉 430070;
2. 湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室长沙 410082;
3. 武汉理工大学汽车工程学院武汉 430070;
4. 武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院武汉 430070;
5. 汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心武汉 430070

收稿日期:2022-11-27 修回日期:2023-02-11 出版日期:2023-11-20 发布日期:2024-02-19
通讯作者: 郭巍(通信作者)，男，1982年出生，博士，副教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为汽车轻量化。E-mail：whutgw@whut.edu.cn
作者简介:孟正华，男，1980年出生，博士，副教授。主要研究方向为先进材料加工工艺。E-mail：meng@whut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2503501)、国家自然科学基金(52005374)、湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室开放基金(31815008)和湖北省重点研发计划(2021BAA174)资助项目。

Effects of Impact Welding Parameters on the Aluminum/Steel Joint Interface

MENG Zhenghua^1,2,3, ZHOU Rui⁴, GONG Mengyuan⁴, LIU Wei⁴, GUO Wei^1,3,5

1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan 430070;
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082;
3. School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070;
4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070;
5. Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology, Wuhan 430070

Received:2022-11-27 Revised:2023-02-11 Online:2023-11-20 Published:2024-02-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以Al3003铝和HC180钢的高速冲击连接工艺为研究对象，建立二维有限元算法(Finite element method，FEM)和光滑粒子算法(Smoothed particle hydrodynamics，SPH)耦合分析模型，研究冲击连接工艺参数对铝钢接头界面特征形成的影响规律。结果表明，随着冲击速度的增加，波形界面的波幅尺寸会随之增加；而随着冲击角度的增加，波形界面波幅则会先增加后趋于平稳甚至降低。同时通过对HC180钢/Al3003铝合金板材的箔片气化冲击焊接试验研究验证了模拟分析结果，并分析放电能量对连接界面形貌的影响规律。随着放电能量的增加，铝钢连接界面波幅增加；当放电能量达到8.4 kJ时，界面出现漩涡结构和嵌入两侧基材的颗粒。连接界面附近会发生明显的晶粒细化现象，且随着冲击角度增加，界面附近细晶区域的面积逐渐增加。界面温度场模拟结果表明漩涡内部产生较大温升，电子探针(Electron probe micro-analysis，EPMA)分析结果表明漩涡内部产生了铝铁金属间化合物。金属间化物主要以颗粒的形式嵌入母材基体中或分布在界面漩涡结构内部，且随着初始冲击角度的增加，元素扩散加剧，嵌入颗粒尺寸与嵌入深度均有增加。

关键词: 冲击连接, 波形界面, 异种金属, 光滑粒子动力学, 异种材料

Abstract: The high-rate impact welding process of Al3003 aluminum and HC180 steel dissimilar metals is taken as the research object, and a coupling model of two-dimensional finite element(FEM) algorithm and smooth particle dynamics(SPH) algorithm is established to investigate the interface waveform formation. The results show that, the waveform amplitude of Al-steel impact joint interface increases with the increase of impact velocity. With the enlargement of impact angle, the amplitude of interface waveform increases first and then stabilizes or even decreases. The simulation results are verified by foil vaporization impact welding experiments, and the influence of discharge energy on the morphology of the Al-steel joint interface is analyzed. The interface waveform amplitude increases with the enhances of welding discharge energy. When the energy reaches 8.4 kJ, vortex structure and embedded particles appears at the interface. Obvious grain refinement will occur near the interface, and with the increase of impact angle, the area of fine grain region near the interface will gradually increase. The simulation analysis of the interface temperature field showed that, temperature rise in the vortex structure, and electron probe analysis(EPMA) results show that, the Al-steel intermetallic compounds generated in these zones. Intermetallic are mainly embedded in the base metal matrix in the form of particles or distributed in the interface vortex structure. With the increase of the initial impact angle, the element diffusion intensifies, and the embedded particle size and embedded depth increase.

Key words: impact welding, waveform interface, dissimilar metals, smooth particle dynamics, dissimilar materials

中图分类号:

TG391

孟正华, 周睿, 龚梦圆, 刘维, 郭巍. 冲击连接工艺参数对铝钢接头界面的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(22): 254-264.

MENG Zhenghua, ZHOU Rui, GONG Mengyuan, LIU Wei, GUO Wei. Effects of Impact Welding Parameters on the Aluminum/Steel Joint Interface[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(22): 254-264.

参考文献

[1] 杜飞,王新云,邓磊,等. 高速冲击连接技术的研究进展[J]. 中国机械工程, 2021, 32(5):600-610. DU Fei, WANG Xinyun, DENG Lei, et al. Research progresses of HVIW technology[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 32(5):600-610.
[2] 郑远谋. 爆炸焊接和爆炸复合材料[M]. 北京:国防工业出版社, 2017. ZHENG Yuanmou. Explosive welding and explosive composite materials[M]. Beijing:National Defense Industry Press, 2017.
[3] YU H, DANG H, QIU Y. Interfacial microstructure of stainless steel/aluminum alloy tube lap joints fabricated via magnetic pulse welding[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2017, 250:297-303.
[4] WANG H, LIU D, JOHN L, et al. Laser impact welding for joining similar and dissimilar metal combinations with various target configurations[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2020, 278:116498.
[5] VIVEK A, HANSEN S, LIU B, et al. Vaporizing foil actuator:A tool for collision welding[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2013, 213:2304-2311.
[6] ZHANG Y, SUDARSANAM B, CURTIS P, et al. Application of high velocity impact welding at varied different length scales[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2011, 211:944-952.
[7] LEE T, ZHANG S, VIVEK A, et al. Flyer thickness effect in the impact welding of aluminum to steel[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 2018, 140(12):121002.
[8] LORENZ A, LUEG-ALTHOFF J, BELLMANN J, et al. Workpiece positioning during magnetic pulse welding of aluminum steel joints[J]. Welding Journal, 2016, 95(3):101-109.
[9] AKBARI MOUSAVI A, AL-HASSANI S. Numerical and experimental studies of the mechanism of the wavy interface formations in explosive/impact welding[J]. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 2005, 53:2501-2528.
[10] GRIGNON F, BENSON D, VECCHIO K, et al. Explosive welding of aluminum to aluminum:Analysis, computations and experiments[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2004, 30:1333-1351.
[11] LI J, RAOELISON R, SAPANATHAN T, et al. Interface evolution during magnetic pulse welding under extremely high strain rate collision:Mechanisms, thermomechanical kinetics and consequences[J]. Acta Materialia, 2020, 195:404-415.
[12] RAOELISON R, SAPANATHAN T, PADAYODI E, et al. Interfacial kinematics and governing mechanisms under the influence of high strain rate impact conditions:Numerical computations of experimental observations[J]. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 2016, 96:147-161.
[13] XU W, SUN X. Numerical investigation of electromagnetic pulse welded interfaces between dissimilar metals[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2016, 21:592-599.
[14] GUPTA V, LEE T, VIVEK A, et al. A robust process-structure model for predicting the joint interface structure in impact welding[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2019, 264:107-118.
[15] ZHANG Z, FENG D, LIU M. Investigation of explosive welding through whole process modeling using a density adaptive SPH method[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2018, 35:169-189.
[16] GENG H, MAO J, ZHANG X, et al. Formation mechanism of transition zone and amorphous structure in magnetic pulse welded Al-Fe joint[J]. Materials Letters, 2019, 245:151-154.
[17] NASSIRI A, KINSEY B. Numerical studies on high-velocity impact welding:Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE)[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2016, 24:376-381.
[18] MENG Z, GONG M, GUO W, et al. Numerical simulation of the joining interface of dissimilar metals in vaporizing foil actuator welding:Forming mechanism and factors[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2020, 60:654-665.
[19] 陈凯,马勇,何尧,等. C276/304L爆炸焊接复合板界面熔化区微观组织及形成过程[J]. 精密成形工程, 2020, 12(2):67-71. CHEN Kai, MA Yong, HE Yao, et al. Microstructure and formation of melting zone in the interface of C276/304L explosive welding composite plate[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering, 2020, 12(2):67-71.
[20] WANG X, SHAO M, GAO S, et al. Numerical simulation of laser impact spot welding[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2018, 35:396-406.
[21] ZHANG Z, LIU M. Numerical studies on explosive welding with ANFO by using a density adaptive SPH method[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2019, 41:208-220.
[22] LI J S, RAOELISON R N, SAPANATHAN T, et al. Interface evolution during magnetic pulse welding under extremely high strain rate collision:Mechanisms, thermomechanical kinetics and consequences[J]. Acta Materialia, 2020, 195:404-415.
[23] CHEN S, HUO X, GUO C, et al. Interfacial characteristics of Ti/Al joint by vaporizing foil actuator welding[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2019, 263:73-81.
[24] ZHANG Z, QIANG H, GAO W. Coupling of smoothed particle hydrodynamics and finite element method for impact dynamics simulation[J]. Engineering Structures, 2011, 33:255-264.
[25] MENG Z, ZHOU R, GONG M, et al. Interface formation and interlayer factors of three-dissimilar-metal layers joint in impact welding[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2021, 70:414-426.
[26] SU S, CHEN S, YU M, et al. Joining aluminium alloy 5a06 to stainless steel 321 by vaporizing foil actuators welding with an interlayer[J]. Metals, 2019, 9:43.
[27] CHEN S, HUO X, GUO C, et al. Interfacial characteristics of Ti/Al joint by vaporizing foil actuator welding[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2019, 263:73-81.
[28] CARVALHO G, GALVÃO I, MENDES R, et al. Microstructure and mechanical behaviour of aluminium-carbon steel and aluminium-stainless steel clads produced with an aluminium interlayer[J]. Materials Characterization, 2019, 155:109819.

冲击连接工艺参数对铝钢接头界面的影响

Effects of Impact Welding Parameters on the Aluminum/Steel Joint Interface

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	杨苑铎, 李洋, 李一昂, 王柏村, 敖三三, 罗震. 碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料超声波焊接研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(22): 130-156.
[2]	秦国梁, 耿培皓, 陈永, 任文建. 铝/钢异种金属MIG电弧熔-钎焊接界面应力演变数值分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(2): 87-96.
[3]	李姣, 富芳艳, 王广春, 管延锦, 赵国群, 林军. 各向异性弹塑性有限变形的无网格SPH计算方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(18): 153-163.
[4]	张敏, 相倩, 吕念春, 薛鹏, 倪丁瑞, 马宗义. 工具尺寸对铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦搭焊接头组织与性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(6): 200-205.
[5]	常敬欢, 曹睿, 林巧力. 冷金属过渡条件下铜合金在钛和钢表面上的润湿行为与界面特征[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(6): 110-117.
[6]	刘林青, 宋长辉, 杨永强, 翁昌威. 异种材料激光选区熔化界面结构强化机理研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(3): 189-196.
[7]	于明润, 赵洪运, 蒋智华, 周利, 黄永宪, 宋晓国. 铝/黄铜异种金属搅拌摩擦焊搭接接头显微组织与力学性能[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(6): 39-45.
[8]	谷晓燕, 刘婧, 刘东锋, 孙大千, 李东来. 焊接能量对Mg/Al超声波焊接接头微观组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(6): 23-31.
[9]	周惦武, 刘金水, 卢源志, 周来沁, 潘井春. 添加Si粉激光深熔焊钢/铝接头的显微组织与性能[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(14): 58-65.
[10]	徐荣正, 刘春忠, 倪丁瑞, 马宗义. 锌夹层添加对镁-铝异种金属搅拌摩擦点焊接头组织与性能的影响^*[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(4): 18-25.
[11]	相倩, 吕念春, 薛鹏, 马宗义. 铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦焊研究现状及展望[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(20): 28-37.
[12]	于江, 王波, 纪昂, 张洪涛. TIG电弧预热辅助铝-铜超声波缝焊工艺研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(19): 149-153.
[13]	秦国梁, 武传松. 铝合金/钢异种材料熔钎焊接工艺及其研究现状^*[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(24): 24-35.
[14]	林健, 赵海峰, 雷永平, 赵翀, 吴中伟. 钢铝搅拌摩擦焊搭接接头的机械结合与冶金结合方式[J]. 机械工程学报, 2015, 51(16): 106-112.
[15]	杜红燕, 李亚江, 刘国良. AZ31/7005异种材料填丝GTAW接头组织分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2015, 51(10): 96-102.