钢轨动力吸振器对轮轨振动噪声的影响分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.18.126

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (18): 126-136.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.18.126

• 特邀专栏：高速铁路钢轨检测监测与应用 • 上一篇下一篇

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钢轨动力吸振器对轮轨振动噪声的影响分析

徐涆文¹, 杜星¹, 韩健², 刘谋凯¹, 肖新标¹, 金学松¹

1. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室成都 610031;
2. 西南交通大学机械工程学院成都 610031

收稿日期:2021-02-02 修回日期:2021-05-19 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-11-30
通讯作者: 金学松(通信作者),男,1956年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为轮轨滚动接触理论、轮轨粘着、轮轨接触表面波浪形磨损和滚动接触疲劳、轮轨噪声、脱轨和轮轨型面设计。E-mail:xsjin@swjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:徐涆文,男,1993年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为高速列车减振降噪,列车振动舒适性分析。E-mail:xheaven9@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（52002340，U1734201）、四川省科技计划（2020YJ0076）和中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划（N2019G037）资助项目。

Study on the Influence of Rail Vibration Absorber on Wheel/Rail Vibration and Noise

XU Hanwen¹, DU Xing¹, HAN Jian², LIU Moukai¹, XIAO Xinbiao¹, JIN Xuesong¹

1. State key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031

Received:2021-02-02 Revised:2021-05-19 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-11-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对有限截取长度轨道结构边界反射波干扰的问题，基于轨道的周期结构特性，采用子结构迭代法建立轨道有限元模型，研究了不同钢轨动力吸振器安装位置、动力吸振器橡胶结构在钢轨上的覆盖面积以及橡胶结构参数对轮轨振动噪声的影响，并对钢轨动力吸振器橡胶结构黏贴失效情况下的降噪性能进行分析。结果显示，轨腰位置安装钢轨动力吸振器对轮轨振动噪声降低效果较好，降噪量为3.2 dBA。采用全包钢轨动力吸振器（橡胶结构覆盖轨头下部，轨腰和轨脚）能够在一定程度上衰减钢轨和钢轨动力吸振器质量块的振动能量，但对钢轨动力吸振器的降噪效果提升不明显。橡胶结构弹性模量对钢轨动力吸振器的减振降噪性能影响较大，选择合理的弹性模量能够有效地降低轮轨振动噪声，降噪量最大为3.9 dBA。橡胶结构部分黏贴失效会对钢轨动力吸振器的降噪性能有较大影响。

关键词: 城市轨道交通, 周期结构, 钢轨动力吸振器, 轮轨振动噪声, 有限元法, 边界元法

Abstract: Based on the substructure synthesis method, a new finite element track model is established to eliminate the influence of the end boundary wave reflection on the numerical results. The model is used to analyze the effect of several measures on the vibration and noise reduction of rail. These measures include the different installation position of rail vibration absorber, the coverage area of rail vibration absorber rubber and the rubber structure parameters. The noise reduction performance of rail vibration absorber in the case of rubber structure adhesion failure is also analyzed. Through the detailed analysis, it is found that the rail vibration absorber installed at the rail waist can reduce the vibration and noise of wheel/rail effectively, and the noise reduction amount is 3.2 dBA. The elastic modulus of rubber structure has great influence on the performance of vibration and the noise reduction of rail vibration absorber. The better noise reduction effect can be achieved by selecting the reasonable elastic modulus and loss factor of rubber structure, the maximum noise reduction is 3.9 dBA. The rubber structure adhesion failure of rubber structure have a great influence on the noise reduction performance of rail vibration absorber.

Key words: urban rail transit, periodic structure, rail vibration absorber, wheel/rail noise and vibration, finite element method, boundary element method

中图分类号:

TG156

徐涆文, 杜星, 韩健, 刘谋凯, 肖新标, 金学松. 钢轨动力吸振器对轮轨振动噪声的影响分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(18): 126-136.

XU Hanwen, DU Xing, HAN Jian, LIU Moukai, XIAO Xinbiao, JIN Xuesong. Study on the Influence of Rail Vibration Absorber on Wheel/Rail Vibration and Noise[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(18): 126-136.

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钢轨动力吸振器对轮轨振动噪声的影响分析

Study on the Influence of Rail Vibration Absorber on Wheel/Rail Vibration and Noise

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