机车车辆端部结构拓扑-参数一体化优化方法

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.20.134

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (20): 134-145.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.20.134

扫码分享

机车车辆端部结构拓扑-参数一体化优化方法

刘丰嘉¹, 唐兆¹, 张建军^1,2

1. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室成都 610031;
2. 伯恩茅斯大学英国国家计算机动画中心伯恩茅斯 BH12 5BB 英国

收稿日期:2019-10-10 修回日期:2020-04-22 出版日期:2020-10-20 发布日期:2020-12-18
作者简介:刘丰嘉,男,1992年出生。主要研究方向为机车车辆结构耐撞性与优化设计。E-mail:fengjia.liu@foxmail.com;唐兆(通信作者),男,1979年出生,博士,副研究员。主要研究方向为轨道交通仿真与可视化。E-mail:tangzhao@swjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51405402,51475394)和国家重点研发计划(2019YFB1405401)资助项目。

Holistic Topology-parameter Optimization Method for the Rail Vehicle End Structure

LIU Fengjia¹, TANG Zhao¹, ZHANG Jianjun^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
2. National Centre for Computer Animation, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH12 5BB, UK

Received:2019-10-10 Revised:2020-04-22 Online:2020-10-20 Published:2020-12-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 拓扑优化方法广泛用于获取结构的优化构型,而参数优化方法用于具体结构参数的取优,为了整合这两种方法的优势并提供一体化优化方案,以机车车辆端部结构被动安全性为研究对象,提出一套可以同时考虑静态和动态载荷作用,适用于大尺寸结构的拓扑-参数优化方法。该方法的拓扑优化部分采用缩放能量权重的混合元胞自动机方法对端部结构进行综合耐撞性和刚度评估的拓扑优化设计,有效解决拓扑优化多工况中由于能量差异而导致的结果偏差;参数优化部分结合网格变形技术和自适应模拟退火优化算法对结构进行给定接触力约束条件下的参数优化。具体算例结果表明,利用该方法优化后机车车辆在正面碰撞中的关键接触力峰值下降26.2%~46.3%,变形模式更趋于合理;在侧翻碰撞中乘客生存区间的上下部安全距离分别增加24.8%和12.8%。

关键词: 耐撞性, 机车车辆, 拓扑优化, 混合元胞自动机方法, 参数优化

Abstract: The topology optimization method is widely used to obtain the optimized geometry shape of a structure; the parameter optimization method is generally used to determine the optimal value of a parameter. In order to integrate the advantages of two methods, a holistic topology-parameter optimization method for the end structure of vehicles is proposed, which can consider both static and dynamic loads and is meanwhile suitable for large-scale structures. The scaled energy weighting based Hybrid Cellular Automata(HCA) method is used to perform the topology optimization for comprehensive crashworthiness and stiffness assessments of end structure, which can effectively solve the result deviation caused by the energy difference in multi-working conditions; the grid deformation technology and the adaptive simulated annealing optimization algorithm are combined to optimize the parameters of the structure under the given contact force constraints. With the application of this method to the optimization of end structure of a vehicle, the critical peak contact force drops by 26.2%-46.3% in the frontal collision, meanwhile the deformation is more reasonable; the upper and lower safety distance of the passenger living space increases by 24.8% and 12.8% in the rollover collision, respectively.

Key words: crashworthiness, rail vehicle, topology optimization, hybrid cellular automata method, parameter optimization

中图分类号:

U271

刘丰嘉, 唐兆, 张建军. 机车车辆端部结构拓扑-参数一体化优化方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(20): 134-145.

LIU Fengjia, TANG Zhao, ZHANG Jianjun. Holistic Topology-parameter Optimization Method for the Rail Vehicle End Structure[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(20): 134-145.

参考文献

[1] 杨志军.基于等效静态载荷原理的高速机构结构拓扑优化方法[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(17):120-125. YANG Zhijun. Topological optimization approach for structure design of high speed mechanisms using equivalent static loads method[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,47(17):120-125.
[2] CHUANG C H, YANG R J. Benchmark of topology optimization methods for crashworthiness design[C]//12th International LS-DYNA Users Conference,Dearborn,Michigan,USA. 2012:1-8.
[3] 甘宁.基于耐撞性和刚度车辆端部底架的拓扑概念设计[D].长沙:中南大学,2014. GAN Ning. Topology conceptual design on the chassis of vehicle ends based on crashworthiness and stiffness[D]. Changsha:Central South University,2014.
[4] TOVAR A,PATEL N M,KAUSHIK A K,et al. Optimality conditions of the hybrid cellular automata for structural optimization[J]. AIAA Journal,2015,45(3):673-683.
[5] TOVAR A,PATEL N M,NIEBUR G L,et al. Topology optimization using a hybrid cellular automaton method with local control rules[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design,2006,128(6):1205-1216.
[6] PATEL N M,KANG B,RENAUD J E,et al. Crashworthiness design using topology optimization[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design,2009,131(6):061013-24.
[7] European Committee for Standardization,EN 15227:Railway applications:Crashworthiness requirements for railway vehicle bodies[S]. London:British Standard Institution,2010.
[8] European Committee for Standardization,EN 12663:Railway applications:Structural requirements of railway vehicle bodies[S]. London:British Standard Institution,2000.
[9] FORSBERG J,NILSSON L. On polynomial response surfaces and kriging for use in structural optimization of crashworthiness[J]. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2005,29(3):232-243.
[10] 陈秉智,刘坤,汤海武,等.铝合金车体前端结构抗撞性优化设计[J].大连交通大学学报,2013,34(6):10-13. CHEN Bingzhi,LIU Kun,TANG Haiwu,et al. Collision simulation and front structure crashworthiness optimization of aluminum train[J]. Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University,2013,34(6):10-13.
[11] XIE Suchao,LIANG Xifeng,ZHOU Hui,et al. Crashworthiness optimisation of the front-end structure of the lead car of a high-speed train[J]. Structural& Multidisciplinary Optimization,2015,53(2):1-9.
[12] BANDI P,SCHMIEDELER J P,TOVAR A. Design of Crashworthy structures with controlled energy absorption in the hybrid cellular automaton framework[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design,2013,135(9):091002-1-091002-11.
[13] AULIG N,NUTWELL E,MENZEL S,et al. Preference-based topology optimization for vehicle concept design with concurrent static and crash load cases[J]. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2018,57(1):251-266.
[14] AULIG N,MENZEL S,NUTWELL E,et al. Towards multi-objective topology optimization of structures subject to crash and staticload cases[C]//International conference on Engineering Optimization,Portugal:CRC Press,2014:847-852.
[15] STANDER N,ROUX W,BASUDHAR A,et al. LS-OPT user's manual Version 5.0[M]. California:Livermore Software Technology Corporation,2013.
[16] JUNIOR H A E O,INGBER L,PETRAGLIA A,et al. Adaptive simulated annealing[M]. Berlin Heidelberg:Springer,2012.
[17] 雷成,肖守讷,罗世辉,等.轨道车辆耐碰撞性研究进展[J].铁道学报,2013,35(1):31-40. LEI Cheng,XIAO Shoune,LUO Shihui,et al. State-of-the-art reseach development of rail vehicles crashworthiness[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(1):31-40.
[18] United Nations Economic Commission for Europe,ECE Regulation No.66:Uniform technical prescriptions concerning the approval of large passenger vehicles with regard to the strength of their superstructure[S]. Geneva:United Nations Economic Commission for Europe,2006.
[19] RIAZI S,FEIZI M M,HOSSEINI-TEHRANI P. Improving crashworthiness in railcar against rollover[J]. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering,2012,36(4):383-397.
[20] BAYKASOGLU C,MUGAN A,SUNBULOGLU E,et al. Rollover crashworthiness analysis of a railroad passenger car[J]. International Journal of Crashworthiness,2013,18(5):492-501.
[21] HALLQUIST J O. LS-DYNA keyword user's manual[M]. California:Livermore Software Technology Corporation,2007.

机车车辆端部结构拓扑-参数一体化优化方法

Holistic Topology-parameter Optimization Method for the Rail Vehicle End Structure

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	杜义贤, 尹鹏, 李荣, 田启华, 周祥曼. 兼具吸能和承载特性的梯度结构宏细观跨尺度拓扑优化设计[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(7): 171-180.
[2]	李冰岩, 刘荣强, 从强, 郭宏伟, 林秋红, 邓宗全. 基于豆荚杆的三棱柱式可展开薄膜支撑臂设计与优化[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(7): 35-43.
[3]	裴元帅, 王定标, 王晓亮, 王光辉, 袁洪琳. 基于拓扑优化的风冷热沉研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(16): 91-97.
[4]	高明星, 刘荣强, 李冰岩, 郭宏伟, 邓宗全. 空间可展开三棱柱伸展臂设计与优化[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(15): 129-137.
[5]	陈鲲, 茆志伟, 张进杰, 江志农. 基于和声搜索优化栈式自编码器的柴油发动机故障诊断[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(11): 132-140.
[6]	文永蓬, 郑晓明, 吴爱中, 刘跃杰. 基于BESO算法的城市轨道车轮拓扑优化[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(10): 191-199.
[7]	沈佳兴, 徐平, 于英华, 郑思贤. BFPC机床龙门框架组件优化设计及综合性能分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(9): 127-135.
[8]	廖中源, 王英俊, 王书亭. 基于拓扑优化的变密度点阵结构体优化设计方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(8): 65-72.
[9]	王华敏, 秦国华, 胡政, 林锋, 吴竹溪, 韩雄. 面向加工变形控制的航空整体结构件拓扑优化设计方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(21): 127-138.
[10]	荣见华, 赵圣佞, 李方义, 俞燎宏, 荣轩霈, 陈成. 涉及空腔制造的最小长度尺寸限制的清晰结构拓扑优化设计[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(19): 174-185.
[11]	郑阳, 周进节, 张宗健, 谭继东. 电磁超声检测频率自适应优化方法研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(14): 11-18.
[12]	晏梦雪, 田小永, 彭刚, 李涤尘, 姚瑞娟, 张薇, 白锐, 孟伟杰. 轻质复合材料飞行器仪器支架选择性激光烧结成形与性能研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(13): 144-150.
[13]	李昊, 丁晓红, 景大雷. 液冷通道分布优化设计的仿真和试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(10): 198-206.
[14]	侯文擎, 叶鸣, 李巍华. 基于改进堆叠降噪自编码的滚动轴承故障分类[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(7): 87-96.
[15]	俞燎宏, 荣见华, 赵志军, 陈一雄, 李方义. 多工况载荷下连续体结构柔顺度拓扑优化问题的新的求解方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(5): 210-219.