采用Al-Si-Ti-Cu-In钎焊70% SiCp/Al复合材料工艺研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2016.12.059

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用Al-Si-Ti-Cu-In钎料在不同工艺参数下对70% SiC_p/Al复合材料进行真空钎焊,通过扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope, SEM)、能谱分析(Energy dispersive spectrometer, EDS)技术对接头组织形貌进行分析。结果表明：采用600 ℃、6 MPa、保温1.5 h所得接头具有最大剪切强度90.17 MPa,断裂从母材开始,穿过钎料层,在另一侧母材中瞬断,其形貌具有韧、脆混合型断口形貌特征。焊缝微观组织主要包括蜂窝状Al基体、聚积的颗粒状富Ti、In相、环状富Si相和界面处的针状Al₄C₃脆性相。提高钎焊温度有利于焊缝中孔隙的收缩和减少,增加钎料对复合材料的润湿性,也有利于激发Ti的活性,阻碍Al₄C₃脆性相的生成。由于烧结体中孔隙变化规律和柯肯达尔效应的共同作用,使得焊缝中孔隙随保温时间的延长先减少后增加,若继续延长保温时间,孔隙终将消失。提高压力能有效改善焊缝致密度,阻碍Al₄C₃脆性相的形成,并改善其形态,能有效提高接头力学性能。

关键词: SiCp/Al复合材料, 保温时间, 温度, 压力, 真空钎焊

Abstract: The 70%SiC_p/Al composites are brazed under different parameters in vacuum furnace, using Al-Si-Ti-Cu-In filler metal. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) technology are used to analysis the microstructure, also shear test is adopted to examine the strength. The results reveal that the joints mainly contain honeycomb Al base phase, Ti, In rich phase, annular Si rich phase and needle-like Al₄C₃ phase. The maximum shear strength achieved in this work is 90.17 MPa which is welded at 600 ℃, 1.5 h and 6 MPa. Fracture origin occurs in the base material, extends to the filler metal, and fractures instantaneously in the other base material. With the temperature raising, poles in the welds decrease and narrow, meanwhile wettability between the composites and filler metal improves and the needle-like Al₄C₃ phase is restrained due to the activated Ti element. When the holding time elongates, poles in the joints decrease first, then increase, which is caused by the comprehensive effect of sintering disciplinarian and Kirkendall effect. If the holding time is long enough, poles in the welds will totally disappear. High pressure can compact the welds, restrain the needle-like Al₄C₃ phase and improve its morphology which improve the mechanical properties of the joints.

Key words: holding time, pressure, SiCp/Al composites, temperature, vacuum brazing

中图分类号:

TG425

李娟, 王克鸿. 采用Al-Si-Ti-Cu-In钎焊70% SiC_p/Al复合材料工艺研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(12): 59-66.

LI Juan, WANG Kehong. Study on Vacuum Brazing of 70%SiC_p/Al Composites Using Al-Si-Ti-Cu-In Filler Metal[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(12): 59-66.

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