Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additive Friction Stir Deposition for AA2024-T3 Alloy

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.18.146

Abstract

Abstract: The additive friction stir deposition experiment for AA2024-T3 alloy with deposited 20-layers was performed using independently developed solid-state friction extrusion additive manufacturing equipment, and the effects of interfacial plastic flow and multiple depositing thermal cycles during AFSD on the microstructure and mechanical properties of builds were investigated. It is shown that the well-formed build with 20-layer depositions is successfully obtained using the spindle rotational speed of 300rpm and transversal speed of 100 mm/min, each deposited layer is about 2.5 mm with thickness, and the width and height of the final build are measured to be in the range of 50-52 mm and 48-50 mm respectively. The friction stirring and squeezing actions of the print tool with protrusions greatly improve the interfacial mixing degree of material between the deposited layers and, obviously, remove the traces of original interfacial bond lines. The interfacial bonding strength of the deposited layers is increased and the weak bonding or lack of bonding defects is eliminated. The build has forged microstructure features with fine equiaxed grains, and the grain size of the 20-layer build is in the range of 2-3 μm. Due to the pinning effect of the second phase particles relative to the grain boundaries, the grain size of the additive layer does not grow, although the region of layers 1-12 is affected by multiple thermal cycles. A significant reduction in hardness and tensile strength occurs in layers 1-12 due to the dissolution and growth of the main reinforcing phase in the additive zone. Among them, the hardness of the deposited layer 20 is a maximum of 125 HV, and the hardness of layers 1-12 is uniformly in the range of 70-80 HV. The tensile strengths in the longitudinal direction(LD) layers 13-20, 1-12 and build direction (LD) directions in the reinforced zone are 287.4 MPa, 239.1 MPa and 227.3 MPa; the elongations are 14.3%, 19.7% and 17.7%. Fracture modes in both LD and BD directions are ductile fractures.

Key words: AFSD, AA2024-T351 alloy, microstructure features, mechanical property

CLC Number:

TG453

WANG Ruilin, YANG Xinqi, TANG Wenshen, LUO Ting. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additive Friction Stir Deposition for AA2024-T3 Alloy[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(18): 146-153.

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