Advances in Theory and Technology for Microscopic Surface Quality Control of Steel Strip

doi:10.3901/JME.2016.10.032

Abstract

Abstract: The classification and description of the steel strip surface quality defects are concluded and the defects related to the surface micro-topography are especially introduced. The key factors and fields that are relevant to the manufacturing and quality control of the steel strip microscopic surface such as the characterization of the surface micro-topography, the rolling transfer, the fabrication and the wear evolution of the roller’s surface micro-topography, the visual aesthetics of the strip surface, the coating stickiness and the stamping oil storage are analyzed and summarized. The studies concerning microscopic surface quality of steel strip are summarized to issue the critical problems during the theoretical and practical researches inland. Suggestions on developing theories and technologies of the quality control of the microscopic steel strip surface are proposed. The scientific significance and application prospective on putting efforts to start domestic steel strip microscopic surface quality studies are discussed.

Key words: microscopic surface quality, micro-topography, roll wear, rolling transfer, steel strip

CLC Number:

TG335

ZHANG Qingdong, ZHANG Boyang, LI Rui, MA Lei. Advances in Theory and Technology for Microscopic Surface Quality Control of Steel Strip[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(10): 32-45.

References

[1] 刘斌,冯其波,匡萃方. 表面粗糙度测量方法综述[J]. 光学仪器,2004,26(5)：54-58.
LIU Bin,FENG Qibo,KUANG Cuifang. Survey of measurement methods for surface roughness[J]. Optical Instruments,2004,26(5)：54-58.
[2] DANIEL M. Optical shop testing[M]. New York：Wiley-Interscienc,1978.
[3] MEDDOWS D M,JOHNSON W D,ALLEN J B. Generation of surface contours by moire patterns[J]. Applied Optics,1970,29(4)：942-947.
[4] SAYLES R S,THOMAS T R. Mapping a small area of a surface[J]. Journal of Physics E：Scientific Instruments,1976(9)：855-861.
[5] DOWNS M J,GIVEN W H. Option system form measurement the profile of super-smooth surface[J]. Precision Engineering,1985,7(4)：211-215.
[6] 武勇军. 用于在线检测表面粗糙度的激光外差干涉仪的研究[D]. 北京：清华大学,1996.
WU Yongjun. Research for online testing of surface roughness heterodyne laser interferometer[D]. Beijing：Tsinghua University,1996.
[7] BINNING G,ROHEER H. Scanning tunneling microscopy[J]. Surface Science,1983,126(1-3)：236-244.
[8] BINNING G,QUATE C F,GERBER C L. Atomic force microscope[J]. Physics Review Letter,1986,56(9)：930-933.
[9] 马飞,杜三明,张永振. 摩擦表面形貌表征的研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 润滑与密封,2010,35(8)：100-103.
MA Fei,DU Sanming,ZHANG Yongzhen. The research status and development tendency of friction surface topography characterization[J]. Lubrication Engineering,2010,35(8)：100-103.
[10] WHIEHOUSE D J. The measurement and analysis of surfaces tribology[C]//Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on the Metrology & Properties of Engineering Surface. Leicester,1981：249-259.
[11] 冯秀,顾伯勤. 表面形貌的研究现状和发展趋势[J]. 润滑与密封,2006(174)：168-170.
FENG Xiu,GU Boqin. The research status and development tendency of surface topography[J]. Lubrication Engineering,2006(174)：168-170.
[12] SAYLES R,THOMAS T R. Surface topography as a nonstationary random process[J]. Nature,1978,271(2)：431-434.
[13] THOMAS A P,THOMAS T R. Engineering surface as fractals, fractal aspects of materials[M]. Pittsburgh：Materials Research Society,1986.
[14] 赵林,耿雷,齐立涛. 激光切割表面形貌的分形插值模拟分析[J]. 机械设计与制造,2014(7)：123-126.
ZHAO Lin,GENG Lei,QI Litao. Fractal interpolation simulation analysis of laser cutting surface topography[J]. Machinery Design & Manufacture,2014(7)：123-126.
[15] 刘海江,陈莉云,付志鹏. 基于表面形貌参数评定的缸盖结合面密封性研究[J]. 中国工程机械学报,2014(3)：208-212.
LIU Haijiang,CHEN Liyun,FU Zhipeng. Leak-tightness study on cylinder-head interface via surface morphology parameter evaluation[J]. Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery,2014(3)：208-212.
[16] 李志强. 表面微观形貌的测量及表征[D]. 重庆：重庆大学,2006.
LI Zhiqiang. The survey and token of micro-scale surface[D]. Chongqing：Chongqing University,2006.
[17] SCOTT P J. The mathematics of motif combination and their use for functional simulation[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools Manufacture,1992,32：69-73.
[18] VINCENT L, SOILLE P. Watersheds in digital spaces：An efficient algorithm based on immersion simulations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1991,13(6)：583-598.
[19] CHEN S Y,HUANG Y W,CHEN L G. Predictive watershed：A fast watershed algorithm for video segmentation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology,2003,13(5)：453-461.
[20] 徐冬,李洪波,张杰. 冷轧平整机毛化辊表面形貌特征多参数对比分析[J]. 中南大学学报,2014,45(3)：734-741.
XU Dong,LI Hongbo,ZHANG Jie. Surface topography multi-parameter analysis of textured rolls in cold temper mill[J]. Journal of Central South University,2014,45(3)：734-741.
[21] 阮剑斌. 双机架平整轧制过程带钢表面形貌生成研究[D]. 北京：北京科技大学,2013.
RUAN Jianbin. Research on generation rule of surface topography in steel strip two-stand temper rolling[D]. Beijing：University of Science and Technology Beijing,2013.
[22] FRANCK P,MATTHIEU B. Multiscale roughness transfer in cold metal rolling[J]. Tribology International,1999,32(1)：45-57.
[23] DICK K,LENARD J G. The effect of roll roughness and lubricant viscosity on the loads on the mill during cold rolling of steel strips[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2005,168(1)：16-24.
[24] LENARD J G. The effect of roll roughness on the rolling parameters during cold rolling of an aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2004,152(2)：144-153.
[25] AHMED R,SUTCLIFFE M P. Identification of surface feature on cold-rolled stainless steel strip[J]. Wear,2000,244(1-2)：60-70.
[26] LI H C,JIANG Z Y,TIEU K A. Analysis of premature failure of work rolls in a cold strip plant[J]. Wear,2007,263(7-12)：1442-1446.
[27] JIANG Z Y,TIEU K A. Contact mechanism and work roll wear in cold rolling thin strip[J]. Wear,2007,263(7-12)：1447-1453.
[28] 陈金山,李长生,曹勇. 轧辊粗糙度对不锈钢板带表面和工艺参数的影响[J]. 机械工程学报,2013,49(4)：30-36.
CHEN Jinshan,LI Changsheng,CAO Yong. Effects of roll roughness on surface and process parameters for stainless-steel strip[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(4)：30-36.
[29] MA B,TIEU A K,LU C. An experimental investigation of steel surface characteristic transfer by cold rolling[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002(125-126)：657-663.
[30] 白振华,王骏飞. 冷连轧机成品板面粗糙度控制技术的研究[J]. 钢铁,2006,41(11)：46-49.
BAI Zhenhua,WANG Junfei. Control technique for surface roughness of strip in cold tandem rolling[J]. Iron and Steel,2006,41(11)：46-49.
[31] 张新鹏,张清东,白剑,等. 冷轧带钢表面粗糙度预测模型研究[J]. 冶金设备,2008(5)：42-45.
ZHANG Xinpeng,ZHANG Qingdong,BAI Jian,et al. Research on prediction model for surface roughness of cold rolled strip[J]. Metallurgical Equipment,2008(5)：42-45.
[32] 吴越,张清东,刘军. 带钢冷轧机工作辊表面粗糙度实测研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2003,39(11)：90-94.
WU Yue,ZHANG Qingdong,LIU Jun. Test and statistical research of surface roughness of work roll in cold tandem mills[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,39(11)：90-94.
[33] 张清东,王文广,吴越. 冷轧带钢板形和表面粗糙度协同控制[J]. 北京科技大学学报,2005,27(2)：232-234.
ZHANG Qingdong,WANG Wenguang,WU Yue. Coordinated control of flatness and surface roughness of strip on 2030mm cold tandem mills[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2005,27(2)：232-234.
[34] LI R,ZHANG Q D,ZHANG X F,et al. Control method for steel strip roughness in two-stand temper mill rolling[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,28(3)：573-579.
[35] JOHNSON W, MELLOR P B. Engineering plasticity[M]. London：Ellis Horwood Limited,1983.
[36] SUTCLIFFE M P F. Surface asperity deformation in metal forming processes[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,1988,30(11)：847-868.
[37] DOMANTI S,EDWARDS J. Interactions between roll surface and cold rolling parameters[C]//2nd International Conference on Modelling of Metal Rolling Process. London,1996：584-595.
[38] SHI J,MCELWAIN D L,DOMANTI S A. Some surface profiles of a strip after plane-strain indentation by rigid bodies with serrated surfaces[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,124(1-2)：227-237.
[39] IKE H. Elasto-plastic FE analysis of temper rolling approximated by multiple punch indentation[J]. Current Advance in Materials and Process,2004,17(4)：1009-1010.
[40] HUART S,DUBAR M,DELTOMBE R,et al. Asperity deformation, lubricant trapping and iron fines formation mechanism in cold rolling processes[J]. Wear,2004,257(5-6)：471-480.
[41] HIDEO K,NIELS B. Skin-pass rolling I-studies on roughness transfer and elongation under pure normal loading[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture,2008,48(12-13)：1313-1317.
[42] PENG H,LIU Z S,HUANG F L. A study of elastic-plastic contact of statistical rough surfaces[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part J：Journal of Engineering Tribology,2013,227(10)：1076-1089.
[43] POULIOS K,KLIT P. Implementation and applications of a finite-element model for the contact between rough surfaces[J]. Wear,2013,303(1-2)：1-8.
[44] MULVIHILL D M,KARTAL M E,NOWELL D. An elastic-plastic asperity interaction model for sliding friction[J]. Tribology International,2011,44(12)：1679-1694.
[45] LE H R,SUTCLIFFE M P. Finite element modelling of the evolution of surface pits in metal forming processes[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2004,145(3)：391-396.
[46] MISHRA M,EGBERT P,BENNEWITZ R. Friction model for single-asperity elastic-plastic contacts[J]. Physical Review B,2012,86(4)：86-95.
[47] 刘莹. 轧辊激光毛化形貌设计与冷轧钢板平整复印关系研究[D]. 北京：清华大学,2002.
LIU Ying. Design of laser-textured topography on roller and research of its duplication characteristics[D]. Beijing：Tsinghua University,2002.
[48] 杨楠. 钢板冷轧过程中润滑及热效应的研究[D]. 北京：清华大学,2000.
YANG Nan. Study of lubrication and thermal behavior in cold rolling process[D]. Beijing：Tsinghua University,2000.
[49] 吴长春. 轧辊与钢板表面形貌及其控制的研究[D]. 北京：北京科技大学,2006.
WU Changchun. Research on accessing and controlling the surface of rolls and steel sheets[D]. Beijing：University of Science and Technology Beijing,2006.
[50] CHENG L,TIEU A K,JIANG Z Y. Modeling of the inlet zone in the mixed lubrication situation of cold strip rolling[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2003,140(1)：569-575.
[51] SANIEI M,SALIMI M. Development of a mixed film lubrication model in cold rolling[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2006,177(1-3)：575-581.
[52] BELOTSERKOVETS A,DELTOMBE R,DUBAR M. Roughness prediction during cold rolling of stainless steel strip：Fluid structure approach[J]. International Journal of Material Forming,2009,2(1)：21-24.
[53] 于孟. 板带平整轧制表面形貌控制理论及应用研究[D]. 北京：北京科技大学,2010.
YU Meng. Theory and application of surface topography control in steel strip temper rolling[D]. Beijing：University of Science and Technology Beijing,2010.
[54] 张晓峰,李瑞,张勃洋,等. 平整轧制过程中带钢表面形貌的生成模型[J]. 机械工程学报,2013,49(14)：38-44.
ZHANG Xiaofeng,LI Rui,ZHANG Boyang,et al. Model for the generation of surface topography in steel strip temper rolling[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(14)：38-44.
[55] 李慧. 带钢冷轧过程轧制区粗糙界面间润滑行为研究[D]. 北京：北京科技大学,2011.
LI Hui. The lubrication behavior of rough interface in cold strip rolling zone[D]. Beijing：University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011.
[56] 孙大乐,姚利松,范群. 不同毛化工艺冷轧辊的使用性能研究[C]//2005年全国冷轧板带生产技术交流会暨第三届薄板质量研讨会论文集. 丽江,2005：123-128.
SUN Dale,YAO Lisong,FAN Qun. Research on service performances between different textured cold rolls[C]//2005 National Cold-rolled Strip Production Technology Exchange and the Third Sheet Quality Symposium. Lijiang,2005：123-128.
[57] ASPINWALL D K,WISE M L H, SCOUT K J. Electro discharge texturing (EDT) of steel rolls[J]. Surface Topography,1989,32(1-2)：183-193.
[58] BUXTON A L,DANCE B G I. Surfi-Sculpt TM - revolutionary surface processing with an electron beam[C]//Inclusive and Supportive Education Congress. St Paul,2005：63-67.
[59] DAHOTRE N B. Lasers in surface engineering[M]. Ontario：ASM International,1998.
[60] 曹国辉,赵万生,王振龙. 冷轧辊毛化技术的对比研究[J]. 电加工与模具,2002(4)：1-5.
CAO Guohui,ZHAO Wansheng,WANG Zhenlong. Comparative study of cold roll texturing techniques[J]. Electromachining & Mould,2002(4)：1-5
[61] BOLT P H,BATAZZI D,BELFIORE N P. Damage resistance and roughness retention of work rolls in cold rolling mills[J]. Revue de Métallurgie,2010,107(6)：245-255.
[62] 樊瑜瑾,杨晓京. 磨粒磨损中微观接触过程的有限元分析[J]. 机械工程学报,2005,41(4)：35-37.
FAN Yujin,YANG Xiaojing. Micro contact process analysis in abrasive wear by finite element method[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(4)：35-37.
[63] GORYACHEVA I G,TORSKAYA E V. Modeling of fatigue wear of a two-layered elastic half-space in contact with periodic system of indenters[J]. Wear,2010,268(11-12)：1417-1422.
[64] HANNES D,ALFREDSSON B. A fracture mechanical life prediction method for rolling contact fatigue based on the asperity point load mechanism[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2012,83(13)：62-74.
[65] 张雍,张清东,李瑞,等. 带钢冷轧机工作辊表面轧制磨损形貌的模拟仿真[J]. 中国表面工程,2015,28(3)：114-121.
ZHANG Yong,ZHANG Qingdong,LI Rui,et al. Simulation of the rolling-wear microtopograph of working roll surface during strip cold rolling[J]. China Surface Engineering,2015,28(3)：114-121.
[66] XU D,ZHANG J,LI H B,et al. Research on surface topography wear of textured work roll in cold rolling[J]. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology,2015,67(3)：269-175.
[67] 李瑞,曹建行,张清东,等. 镀锡板表面视觉质量与分形维数的关系研究[C]//第九届中国钢铁年会. 北京,2013：1-7.
LI Rui,CAO Jianhang,ZHANG Qingdong,et al. The influence of the fractal dimension of tin plate on surface visual quality[C]//The 9th China Steel Conference Proceedings. Beijing,2013：1-7.
[68] 张波,朱益盈,吴军,等. SUS304不锈钢表面光泽度的影响因素分析及控制[J]. 宝钢技术,2014(3)：69-73.
ZHANG Bo,ZHU Yiying,WU Jun,et al. Analysis and controlling factors of surface gloss of SUS304 stainless steel[J]. Baosteel Technology,2014(3)：69-73.
[69] 李春艳,褚夫强. 纸张性能对喷墨印刷品光泽度的影响[J]. 中国印刷与包装研究,2010,2(5)：50-54.
LI Chunyan,ZHU Fuqiang. Effect of paper properties on ink-jet printing gloss[J]. China Printing and Packaging Study,2010,2(5)：50-54.
[70] WANG J J,XU X P. Relation study of roughness and glossiness to fractal for granite surface profiles[J]. Key Engineering Materials,2006(315-316)：455-458.
[71] 闫志成,刘金玉. 提高汽车面漆涂装质量的探讨[J]. 表面技术,2000,29(2)：29-31.
YAN Zhicheng,LIU Jinyu. The discussion about the improvement of vehicle paint coating quality[J]. Surface Technology,2000,29(2)：29-31.
[72] NILAN T G,PERFETTI B M,SCIALABBA B J. Relationship of sheet surface roughness texture to painted sheet appearance[C]//Proceedings of the 19th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference. Pittsburgh,1977：148-157.
[73] SAKURAI M,INAGAKI J,YANMASHITA M. Effect of surface texture of galvannealed steel sheet on image clarity after painting[J]. Tetsu to Hagane,2003,89(1)：18-22.
[74] 孔宪梅,宋强,谢洪潮,等. 冷轧钢板表面形貌与漆膜鲜映性的关系研究[J]. 机械科学与技术,1999,18(3)：98-101.
KONG Xianmei,SONG Qiang,XIE Hongchao,et al. Study of the relationship between cold-rolled steel sheet’s surface topography and distinctness of image of paint[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology,1999,18(3)：98-101.
[75] 杨柳. 电泳涂层的粗糙度对面漆涂层桔皮的影响[J]. 汽车工艺与材料,2011(3)：9-11.
YANG Liu. Orange paint coating roughness on the impact of electrophoresis coating[J]. Automobile Technology and Material,2011(3)：9-11.
[76] 许朋辉. 桔皮鲜映性仪用于面漆的外观改善[J]. 客车技术与研究,2008(6)：32-35.
XU Penghui. Appearance of orange peel finish DOI instrument for improvement[J]. Bus & Coach Technology and Research,2008(6)：32-35.
[77] 王会玲. 减少车身橘皮提高涂膜外观的工艺实践[J]. 现代涂料与涂装,2010,13(1)：64-70.
WANG Huiling. The processing practices for reducing the orange pell of body to improve the appearance of coating[J]. Modern Paint and Finishing,2010,13(1)：64-70.
[78] BEYDON R,BERNHART G,SEGUI Y. Measurement of metallic coatings adhesion to fibre reinforced plastic materials[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology,2000,126(1)：39-47.
[79] ZHENG X J,ZHOU Y C. Investigation of an anisotropic plate model to evaluate the interface adhesion of thin film with cross-sectional nanoindentation method[J]. Composites Science and Technology,2005,65(9)：1382-1390.
[80] ELIZALDE M R,SANCHEZ J M,MARTNES J M. Interfacial fracture induced by cross-sectional nanoindentation in metalceramic thin film structures[J]. Acta Materialia,2003,51(14)：4295-4305.
[81] GRUM J,STRUM R. Residual stress state after the laser surface remelting process[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2001,10(3)：16-18.
[82] AKINC M. Microstructure of a plasma-sprayed Mo-Si-B alloy[J]. Journal of Thermal Spayed Technology,2001,9(1)：90-94.
[83] 朴明魁,王溪钢. 关于提高镀层粘附性的探讨[J]. 轧钢,1999(3)：17-19.
PIAO Mingkui,WANG Xigang. Research on improving the adhesion of zinc coat[J]. Steel Rolling,1999(3)：17-19.
[84] 贺俊光,周旭东,李俊. 影响连续热镀锌镀层粘附性因素的探讨[J]. 钢铁研究,2005(142)：41-44.
HE Junguang,ZHOU Xudong,LI Jun. Discussion on factors of influencing the adhesion of coating for continuous galvanized strip[J]. Research on Iron and Steel,2005(142)：41-44.
[85] 肖斌,王建华,苏旭平,等. 连续镀锌板镀层粘附性不良的研究[J]. 电镀与涂饰,2008,27(8)：15-17.
XIAO Bin,WANG Jianhua,SU Xuping,et al. Study on imperfect adhesion of coating on continuously galvanized strip[J]. Electroplating and Finishing,2008,27(8)：15-17.
[86] 郭三明,瞿标. 合金化热镀锌钢板镀层性能的工艺因素分析[J]. 宝钢技术,1998(2)：32-35.
GUO Sanming,QU Biao. Analysis of the factors affecting the galvannealing process of alloying hot dip galvanized steel sheet[J]. Baosteel Technology,1998(2)：32-35.
[87] PUENTE J M,ALONSO F J,PRADO M. Influence of an adequate surface conditioning on the final characteristics of GI for exposed panels use on automotive sector[C]//Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Sheet Steels. Chicago：2004：457-463.
[88] 吕军,刘明辉,沈达敏. 无氧化工艺对连续热镀锌钢板锌层附着性的影响[J]. 钢铁,2001,36(7)：34-37.
LÜ Jun,LIU Minghui,SHEN Damin. Influence of non-oxidizing process on adhesion of coating on continuously galvanized strip[J]. Iron and Steel,2001,36(7)：34-37.
[89] 伍康勉,成小军,焦国华,等. 热镀锌镀层粘附性不良的机制研究[J]. 钢铁,2010,45(9)：94-98.
WU Kangmian,CHENG Xiaojun,JIAO Guohua,et al. Research on mechanism of poor adhesion of coated layer in CGL[J]. Iron and Steel,2010,45(9)：94-98.
[90] 俞宁峰. 模拟拉延筋的镀锌薄钢板锌层粘附性试验方法的研究[J]. 理化检验(物理分册),2004,40(11)：544-546.
YU Ningfeng. The study of the test method on the coherence of the zinc coating of the galvanized steel sheet through the drawbead simulation tester[J]. Part A：Physical Testing,2004,40(11)：544-546.
[91] 史正良,刘金龙. 镀锌层附着性分析[J]. 热处理,2007,22(5)：51-53.
SHI Zhengliang,LIU Jinlong. Analysis on adhesiveness of zinc coat[J]. Heat Treatment,2007,22(5)：51-53.
[92] 王雷. 彩涂板涂层附着力时效性研究[D]. 沈阳：沈阳理工大学,2009.
WANG Lei. A Study on the lifespan of pre-coating sheet ashesion[D]. Shenyang：Shenyang University of Technology,2009.
[93] 范纯,张家琪,姜宝宇. 彩涂板涂层附着力时效性能的研究[J]. 钢铁研究,2007,35(3)：35-37.
FAN Chun,ZHANG Jiaqi,JIANG Baoyu. Study on invalidation of coating adherence to color coated sheet coating[J]. Research on Iron and Steel,2007,35(3)：35-37.
[94] 杨晖,潘少明. 基体表面粗糙度对涂层结合强度的影响[J]. 热加工工艺,2008,37(15)：118-121.
YANG Hui,PAN Shaoming. Effect of substrate surface roughness on bond strength of coatings[J]. Hot Working Technology,2008,37(15)：118-121.
[95] 尹正宏,眭军燕,汪金奇. 铁路客车涂膜附着力影响因素探讨[J]. 现代涂料与涂装,2013,16(2)：43-45.
YIN Zhenghong,SUI Junyan,WANG Jinqi. Discussion on influence factors of railway passenger car coating adhesion[J]. Modern Painting and Finishing,2013,16(2)：43-45.
[96] 崔彩娥,缪强,潘俊德. 薄膜与基体间的附着力测试[J]. 电子工艺技术,2005,26(5)：294-297.
CUI Caie,MIAO Qiang,PAN Junde. Measuring of adhesion strength between thin film and substrate[J]. Electronics Process Technology,2005,26(5)：294-297.
[97] 文光男,刘希柏. 涂层的附着性与喷射(丸)处理[J]. 材料保护,1995,28(4)：21-23.
WEN Guangnan,LIU Xibai. The treatment of the coating adhesion and spray(pill)[J]. Material Protection,1995,28(4)：21-23.
[98] DE A J,FONSECA R G,HANEDA I G. Effect of surface treatments on the bond strength of a resin cement to commercially pure titanium[J]. Brazilian Dental Journal,2010,21(2)：111-116.
[99] 刘杰,范金杰,谷晓明. 铸钛的不同表面处理对钛-聚合瓷结合强度影响的实验研究[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志,2013,31(1)：13-16.
LIU Jie,FAN Jinjie,GU Xiaoming. Effect of different surface treatments on bonding strength of composite resin to commercially pure titanium[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology,2013,31(1)：13-16.
[100] LIM B S,HEO S M,LEE Y K. Shear bond strength between titanium alloys and composite resin：Sandblasting versus fluoride-gel treatment[J]. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials,2003,64(1)：38-43.
[101] ABOTANI K,HIROHATA K,KIYASU T. Hot-dip galvanized sheet steel with excellent press formability and surface quality for the automotive panels[J]. Kawaski Steel Technical Report,2003,48：17-22.
[102] 今中诚. 薄钢板表面粗糙度与成形性能关系的研究[J]. 汽车工艺与材料,1997(9)：22-27.
JIN Zhongcheng. Research on the relationship between surface roughness and formability of thin steel[J]. Automotive Technology and Materials,1997(9)：22-27.
[103] LIZUKA E,FUJINAGA C,HIRA T. Effect of surface roughness on galling behavior[C]//Proceedings of the 20th Biennial Congress on Sheet Metal Forming Beyond 2000. Belgium：1998：239-256.
[104] HILSEN R R,BERNICK L M. Relationship between surface characteristics and galling index of sheet steel[J]. Formability Topics-Metallic Materials,1978,647：220-237.
[105] 任晓,吴承伟,周平. 粗糙表面的气体密封性能研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2010,46(16)：176-181.
REN Xiao,WU Chengwei,ZHOU Ping. Gas sealing performance study of rough surface[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(16)：176-181.
[106] 符永宏,张华伟,纪敬虎,等. 微造型活塞环表面的润滑性能数值分析[J]. 内燃机学报,2009,27(2)：180-185.
FU Yonghong,ZHANG Huawei,JI Jinghu,et al. Numerical analysis on the lubrication performance of piston ring by surface micro-texturing[J]. Transactions of Csice,2009,27(2)：180-185.
[107] HAMILTON D,WALOWIT J,ALLEN C. A theory of lubrication by micro irregularities[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering,1966,88(1)：177-185.
[108] ETSION I,SHER E. Improving fuel efficiency with laser surface textured piston rings[J]. Tribology International,2009,42(4)：542-547.
[109] BRIZM E V,KLIGERMANY,ETSION I. A laser surface textured parallel thrust bearing[J]. Tribology Transactions,2003,46(3)：397-403.
[110] 彭旭东,杜东波,李纪云. 不同型面微孔对激光加工多孔端面机械密封性能的影响[J]. 摩擦学学报,2006,26(4)：367-371.
PENG Xudong,DU Dongbo,LI Jiyun. Effect of different section profile micro-pores on seal performance of a laser surface textured mechanical seal[J]. Journal of Tribology,2006,26(4)：367-371.
[111] NANBU T,REN N,YASUDA Y. Micro-textures in concentrated conformal-contact lubrication：Effects of texture bottom shape and surface relative motion[J]. Tribology Letters,2008,29(3)：241-252.
[112] WANG X,KATO K. The effect of laser texturing of SiC surface on the critical load for the transition of water lubrication mode from hydrodynamic to mixed[J]. Tribology International,2001,34(10)：703-711.
[113] SCHRECK S,ZUM K G. Laser-assisted structuring of ceramic and steel surfaces for improving tribological properties[J]. Applied Surface Science,2005,247(1)：616-622.
[114] COSTA H,HUTCHINGS I. Effects of die surface patterning on lubrication in strip drawing[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2009,209(3)：1175-1180.
[115] AVIRAM R,ETSION I. Friction-reducing surface texturing in reciprocating automotive components[J]. Tribology Transactions,2001,4(3)：359-366.
[116] YIN B F,LI X D,FU Y H. Simulation of ribological performance of cylinder liner by micro laser surface texturing considering mixed lubrication model[J]. Advanced Science Letter,2011(4)：1318-1324.
[117] 裴世源,徐华,马石磊,等. 多尺度表面织构流体润滑问题的快速求解方法[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2011,45(5)：119-126.
PEI Shiyuan,XU Hua,MA Shilei,et al. Multiscale method for modeling surface texture effects in hydrodynamic lubrication regime[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2011,45(5)：119-126.