Investigating the Effects of the Most Adverse Tunnel Pressure Waves on the Aerodynamic Properties of Signal Lights at 450 km/h

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.24.255

Abstract

Abstract: The CR450 and other high-speed trains are anticipated to reach a speed of 450 km/h. To assess the safety of trackside signal equipment under current installation conditions, this study develops an aerodynamic model for tunnel-train-signal lights, investigating the formation and variation of pressure waves on signal light equipment during single-vehicle operation and constant-speed interactions of high-speed trains in tunnels. Results indicate that as vehicle speed increases, the peak values of both positive and negative waves of signal lights within the tunnel, along with the amplitude of pressure changes, also increase. Notably, the amplitude of the signal light pressure wave is directly proportional to the square of the train's speed. In a 1 000 m tunnel operating at a speed of 450 km/h, the signal light pressure wave amplitude is 9 157 Pa, representing an increase of approximately 97.4% compared to a speed of 350 km/h. The pressure wave amplitude experienced by the signal lights under the most challenging tunnel intersection conditions exceeds that of single-vehicle operation in the most adverse tunnel scenarios. The pressure and pressure wave amplitude experienced by the signal lights under the most adverse tunnel conditions exceed those in a 1 000 m tunnel at comparable vehicle speeds. At a speed of 450 km/h in a 217 m tunnel, the most adverse condition results in a signal light pressure wave amplitude of 22 085 Pa, which is approximately 26.1% higher than the 17 511 Pa amplitude in a 1 000 m tunnel at the same speed. For facilities situated midway along the tunnel, when the lead and tail vehicles enter the tunnel at a time difference equivalent to the tunnel length divided by the vehicle speed, they are subjected to two compression waves, leading to secondary pressure fluctuations. The signal light's pressure fluctuation is minimal at the tunnel entrance, suggesting placement there to minimize the effects of tunnel pressure waves and enhance safety.

Key words: most unfavorable tunnel, signal lights, pressure wave, pneumatic characteristics

CLC Number:

U25
U282

HUANG Zundi, KONG Weikai, MENG Tianrui, CHANG Ning, ZHOU Zijian. Investigating the Effects of the Most Adverse Tunnel Pressure Waves on the Aerodynamic Properties of Signal Lights at 450 km/h[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(24): 255-266.

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