NOFRF Application Research in Bolt Joints Loosening Detection

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.17.124

Abstract

Abstract: Bolt joints in spacecraft are prone to loosening during vibration tests. If bolt joints loosening are not detected promptly, it may lead to irreparable damage to the spacecraft. Currently, according to industry standards, in engineer, condition monitoring of spacecraft during vibration tests is commonly by observing changes in natural frequencies. However, the linear dynamic characteristics are not sensitive enough to detect early bolt loosening. To enhance the sensitivity of condition monitoring during vibration tests, this study develops a method based on the nonlinear output frequency response function (NOFRF) for detecting bolt joints loosening. This method employs data-driven modeling theory and the generalized associated linear equations (GALE) approach to identify NOFRF, and quantifies the uncertainty caused by noise in the NOFRF identification process by using the Monte Carlo method. Finally, experimental validation demonstrates that this method is more sensitive to early bolt loosening than traditional vibration test condition monitoring methods, thereby enabling more effective early detection of bolt loosening in spacecraft.

Key words: vibration test, bolt joints loosening, condition monitoring, NOFRF, uncertainty

CLC Number:

N945

YU Changshuai, LUO Haitao, LUO Zhong, HE Fengxia. NOFRF Application Research in Bolt Joints Loosening Detection[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(17): 124-136.

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