• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (10): 100-107.doi: 10.3901/JME.2017.10.100

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

非稳态风致载荷下车体结构典型载荷谱仿真研究

缪炳荣, 谭仕发, 邬平波, 杨忠坤, 曹辉   

  1. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室 成都 610031
  • 出版日期:2017-05-15 发布日期:2017-05-15
  • 作者简介:

    缪炳荣(通信作者),男,1970年出生,博士,副研究员。主要研究方向为动力学、结构疲劳及载荷谱。

    E-mail:brmiao@home.swjtu.edu.cn;brmiao@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    * 国家自然科学基金面上(51375405)和牵引动力国家重点实验室自由探索基金(2016TPL_T10)资助项目; 20160701收到初稿,20170307收到修改稿;

Research of Typical Fatigue Load Spectrum Simulation of Carbody Structure Based on Non-stationary Aerodynamic Load

MIAO Bingrong, TAN Shifa, WU Pingbo, YANG Zhongkun, CAO Hui   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031
  • Online:2017-05-15 Published:2017-05-15

摘要:

为了考虑随机风载荷对车体结构疲劳强度的影响,以某型高速列车车体结构为研究对象,提出一种计算方法研究风致载荷作用下的车体结构典型载荷谱。主要内容包括:首先,根据京津线路沿线的风谱,选择Cooper风速谱作为目标谱,以线性滤波方法(卡尔曼滤波法)模拟作用在车辆上的风速。同时,基于风速与风压关系,引入一种权重函数模拟的时域计算方法获取高速列车横风作用下非定常的气动载荷。根据车辆动力学参数、轨道不平顺特征以及沿线瞬时最大风速等建立整车多体动力学模型和确定车辆典型运行工况。在车辆动力学模型中施加气动载荷激励,评估高速列车在风致载荷工况作用下的列车运行安全性。根据提出的载荷谱仿真计算方法,提取车体结构的载荷时间历程。采用雨流计数法对其进行载荷谱编制,形成典型的车体结构风致载荷谱。研究结果表明:采用线性滤波法获取的风速功率谱与目标谱在主要频段内拟合精度较高,随机风速的最大能量分布集中于0.01~3 Hz范围内;通过引入权重函数的气动力计算可以有效过滤气动力中的高频脉动成分,能够真实反映实际气动力载荷的延迟特征。该方法可以有效研究风致载荷作用下的车体结构载荷谱。

关键词: 多体动力学, 风致载荷, 有限元, 载荷谱, 车体

Abstract:

In order to consider random wind loads influence on the carbody structure fatigue strength, one typical carbody structure load spectrum calculation method is proposed here to study a high-speed train carbody structure based on wind-induced loads. The main contents include: According to the wind spectrum along the Beijing-Tianjin line, Cooper wind speed spectrum is chosen as the target spectrum to simulate the effect of wind speed on the vehicle based on linear filtering method (Kalman filtration method). At the same time, using the relationship between wind speed and air pressure, a method is used to obtain the unsteady aerodynamic loads of the high-speed train under cross wind based on weighting function. Vehicle multi-body dynamics model is created with vehicle dynamics parameters, Beijing-Tianjin intercity lines railway track irregularity and maximum instantaneous wind speed along the track line environment. And the typical vehicle operating conditions are also analyzed. As the aerodynamic loads are applied to the vehicle dynamics model, the running safety of high-speed train under the wind-induced loads is evaluated. According to the load spectrum simulation method proposed, the carbody structure load time histories are extracted. And load spectrums are compiled using rain-flow counting method. The results are shown that the linear filtering method can be used to obtain the wind speed power spectrum. And the target spectrum has high fitting precision during the main frequency ranges. The maximum wind speed spectrum energy are concentrated in 0.001-3 Hz. The aerodynamic calculation method by introducing weight function can be used to effectively filter the high frequency component and reflect the actual delay characteristic of aerodynamic loads. The results also illustrates the proposed method cab be used to study the typical carbody structure load spectrum under wind-induced loads.

Key words: aero-dynamic loads, finite element method, load spectrum, multi-body dynamics, carbody