基于激光选区熔化的功能零件结构设计优化及制造关键技术研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.17.165

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (17): 165-172.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.17.165

• 特邀专栏：智能制造装备 • 上一篇下一篇

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基于激光选区熔化的功能零件结构设计优化及制造关键技术研究

王迪, 陈晓敏, 杨永强, 肖泽锋, 王安民, 张明康, 王艺锰, 叶光照, 宋长辉

华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院广州 510641

收稿日期:2017-11-25 修回日期:2018-02-20 出版日期:2018-09-05 发布日期:2018-09-05
通讯作者: 杨永强(通信作者),男,1961年出生,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为激光及增材制造。E-mail:meyqyang@scut.edu.cn
作者简介:王迪,男,1986年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为金属3D打印及应用、激光加工。E-mail:mewdlaser@scut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（517705070，51405160）、广东省科技计划（2017B090912003，2017A050501058，2014B010131002，2015B090920002）、广东省特支人才计划（2016TQ03X289）和广州市珠江新星人才计划（201710010064）资助项目。

Study on the Key Techniques of Designing Optimization and Manufacturing of Functional Part's Structure Based on Selective Laser Melting Technology

WANG Di, CHEN Xiaomin, YANG Yongqiang, XIAO Zefeng, WANG Anmin, ZHANG Mingkang, WANG Yimeng, YE Guangzhao, SONG Changhui

School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641

Received:2017-11-25 Revised:2018-02-20 Online:2018-09-05 Published:2018-09-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为优化现有的门把手功能零件，采用了受力分析及拓扑优化的方法，设计出符合零件内部力场分布特点的功能件，通过激光选区熔化技术（Selective laser melting，SLM）获得打印成型件，并经过尺寸精度、力学性能及质量等方面的测试，获得减重52.5%轻量化效果，力学性能达到传统铸锻件及尺寸精度符合需求的优化设计成品。SLM加工获得的功能件应用于密封舱门，在真空度-30 kPa、氧含量浓度10 ppm条件下测试，模拟分析变形位移6.9 μm。证明基于激光选区熔化技术进行优化设计能使得优化功能零件过程中拥有极高的自由度，故基于激光选熔化技术，采用拓扑与布局优化、结构类型优化等结构优化设计方法，达到减轻产品重量并改善性能等目标的思路是可行的。

关键词: 高性能, 功能零件, 激光选区熔化, 轻量化, 拓扑优化, 有限元

Abstract: In order to optimize the existing door handle functional parts, force analysis and topology optimization to design the functional parts which meet the characteristics of internal force distribution are adopted. The selective laser melting technology (SLM) is used to manufacture the parts, and through the test of dimension accuracy, mechanical performance and quality, 52.5% weight reduction effect is achieved. The mechanical properties of optimized finished parts reach those of traditional castings and forgings, and the dimensional accuracy is in line with the demand. The functional parts manufactured by SLM are applied to the sealed hatch door, and its deformation displacement is 6.9 μm which is simulated and analyzed under the condition of 30 kPa degree vacuum and 10 ppm oxygen concentration. The optimization design based on SLM technology enables the optimization of functional parts to have a high degree of freedom. Therefore, it is feasible to reduce the weight of the product, improve the stress performance based on SLM technology, topology and layout optimization, structure type optimization and other structural optimization design methods.

Key words: finite element, functional part, high-performance, lightweight, selective laser melting, topological optimization

中图分类号:

TH122

王迪, 陈晓敏, 杨永强, 肖泽锋, 王安民, 张明康, 王艺锰, 叶光照, 宋长辉. 基于激光选区熔化的功能零件结构设计优化及制造关键技术研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(17): 165-172.

WANG Di, CHEN Xiaomin, YANG Yongqiang, XIAO Zefeng, WANG Anmin, ZHANG Mingkang, WANG Yimeng, YE Guangzhao, SONG Changhui. Study on the Key Techniques of Designing Optimization and Manufacturing of Functional Part's Structure Based on Selective Laser Melting Technology[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(17): 165-172.

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基于激光选区熔化的功能零件结构设计优化及制造关键技术研究

Study on the Key Techniques of Designing Optimization and Manufacturing of Functional Part's Structure Based on Selective Laser Melting Technology

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