基于差压信号的湿气流量测量方法

doi:10.3901/JME.2017.24.055

机械工程学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (24): 55-62.doi: 10.3901/JME.2017.24.055

• 多相流测试新技术与新方法 • 上一篇下一篇

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基于差压信号的湿气流量测量方法

白博峰¹, 郑学波¹, 邱露²

1. 西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室西安 710049;
2. 新疆油田公司科技信息处克拉玛依 834000

收稿日期:2017-01-14 修回日期:2017-04-24 发布日期:2017-12-20
通讯作者: 白博峰(通信作者),男,1971年出生,博士,教授。主要研究方向为石油工程多相流、多相流动与传热传质。E-mail:bfbai@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:郑学波,男,1990年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为多相流流动与测量。E-mail:xbzheng@stu.xjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家杰出青年科学基金（51425603）和国家自然科学基金委重大科研仪器研制（51527808）资助项目。

Gas and Liquid Flow Rate Measurement in Wet Gas Based on Differential Pressure Signals

BAI Bofeng¹, ZHENG Xuebo¹, QIU Lu²

1. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049;
2. Scientific Information Division, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay 834000

Received:2017-01-14 Revised:2017-04-24 Published:2017-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过理论分析和室内试验研究差压信号的基本特性及差压法测量原理的局限性。对湿气流过孔板和V锥的差压信号进行分析发现：两相流差压主要由气相流动产生，液相的影响很小；低含液率时液相以薄液膜的形式附着在管壁，对气相流动有“润滑”作用，液膜厚度增大到一定值后，气液界面摩擦压降显著增加，由此导致湿气流过节流元件的差压、压损及压损比随含液率增加先减小后增大；差压波动是一个随机过程，差压方根的标准差等特征参数具有稳定性和重复性都较差的特点，难以适用于工业中的湿气流量测量。以过读关联式为基础的测量方法，误差传递过程会缩小气相流量预测误差，但会放大液相流量预测误差，且含气率越高，放大效果越明显，由此造成液相流量预测误差远大于气相流量。建议对于高含气率的湿气流动，液相流量独立测量，避免与气相流量耦合求解；应用压损比作为特征参数时应关注其非单调特性；不建议将差压方根标准差等重复性差的差压信号特征参数用于流量测量。

关键词: 差压信号, 流量测量, 湿气, 误差分析

Abstract: The basic characteristics of differential pressure signals and the limitation of flow rate metering methods based on differential pressure are studied analytically and experimentally. Through the investigation into differential pressure signals of orifice plate and V-cone, it is found that the two-phase differential pressure is mainly caused by gas phase and is slightly affected by the liquid phase. In the case of low liquid hold up, the frictional pressure drop can be decreased due to the presence of the thin liquid film on the wall, resulting in that the two-phase differential pressure, pressure loss and pressure loss ratio decrease at first and then increase as the liquid hold up increases. The fluctuation of the differential pressure is stochastic, causing the fluctuation characteristic parameters, such as the standard deviation, having the properties of poor stability and repeatability. This makes it difficult to be applied to industrial wet gas metering. The error propagation analysis demonstrates that the prediction error of liquid phase flow rate is much larger than that of the gas phase, which is a universal phenomenon of metering methods based on over-reading correlations. Finally, we recommend that for wet gas with high gas void fraction, the liquid flow rate should be measured independently. The non-monotonicity of the pressure loss ratio needs to be concerned if it is chosen as the characteristic parameter. Parameters with poor repeatability, such as standard deviation, are not recommended for wet gas metering.

Key words: differential pressure signal, error analysis, flow rate measurement, wet gas

中图分类号:

TG156

白博峰, 郑学波, 邱露. 基于差压信号的湿气流量测量方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(24): 55-62.

BAI Bofeng, ZHENG Xuebo, QIU Lu. Gas and Liquid Flow Rate Measurement in Wet Gas Based on Differential Pressure Signals[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 53(24): 55-62.

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基于差压信号的湿气流量测量方法

Gas and Liquid Flow Rate Measurement in Wet Gas Based on Differential Pressure Signals

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