3万吨重载组合列车小半径曲线通过安全性分析

doi:10.3901/JME.260627

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究3万吨重载列车小半径曲线通过安全性能，开展3万吨重载列车动力学性能现场测试，建立3万吨重载列车-轨道耦合动力学模型，利用现场测试数据对模型进行了验证。基于动力学仿真分析，系统研究不同编组模式下3万吨重载列车在长大坡道与小半径曲线叠加区段的纵向冲动特性与轮轨动态相互作用安全性能。结果表明：3万吨重载列车通过小半径曲线时轮轨相互作用与安全性指标显著增大；列车编组模式影响长大组合列车内部纵向力传递特性与车钩偏转行为，显著改变轮轨动力作用，是决定列车曲线通过安全性的关键因素。采用四台机车均匀分散牵引模式，可有效降低列车纵向冲击作用力，提升小半径曲线通过安全性能，降低轮轨磨耗。研究结果可为3万吨重载列车编组模式优化与操纵策略制定提供理论依据，提升长大编组列车的运行安全性与稳定性。

关键词: 重载铁路, 3万吨重载列车, 编组模式, 小半径曲线, 运行安全性

Abstract: To investigate the curve negotiation safety performance of 30 000-ton heavy-haul trains on small-radius curves, field tests on the dynamic performance of 30 000-ton heavy-haul trains were conducted, and a coupled dynamics model of the 30 000-ton heavy-haul train-track system was established. The model was validated using field test data. Based on dynamic simulation analysis, a systematic study was carried out to examine the longitudinal impulse characteristics and the impact on wheel-rail dynamic interaction safety performance of 30 000-ton heavy-haul trains under different marshalling modes when operating on sections combining long steep grades and small-radius curves. The results indicate that when a 30 000-ton heavy-haul train negotiates small-radius curves, the wheel-rail interaction and safety indices increase significantly. The train marshalling mode affects the internal longitudinal force transmission characteristics and coupler deflection behavior of long coupled trains, significantly altering the wheel-rail dynamic interaction, which is a key factor determining the curve negotiation safety of the train. Adopting a dispersed traction mode with four locomotives evenly distributed can effectively reduce the longitudinal impact forces within the train, mitigate wheel–rail wear, and enhance the safety performance when negotiating small-radius curves. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the marshalling modes and formulating operation strategies for 30 000-ton heavy-haul trains, thereby improving the operational safety and stability of long coupled trains.

Key words: heavy-haul railway, 30 000-ton heavy-haul train, marshalling mode, small radius curve, operation safety

中图分类号:

TG156

陈哲, 王龙生, 邹异民, 曾凡军, 凌亮, 王开云. 3万吨重载组合列车小半径曲线通过安全性分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(16): 140-153.

CHEN Zhe, WANG Longsheng, ZOU Yimin, ZENG Fanjun, LING Liang, WANG Kaiyun. Running Safety of 30 000-ton Heavy-haul Trains Passing through Sharp Curves[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(16): 140-153.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260627

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I16/140

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