高速列车制动盘平行径向多裂纹扩展行为分析

doi:10.3901/JME.260160

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 制动盘作为列车基础制动系统的关键核心部件之一，其表面在反复多次制动过程中会产生广布疲劳裂纹，威胁列车行车安全。针对高速列车制动盘表面的多裂纹问题，通过热机耦合有限元仿真和虚拟裂纹闭合技术，研究盘面平行径向多裂纹之间的相互作用规律，并从应力分布、张开位移分布、应力强度因子和裂纹扩展速率等方面分析裂纹间距对制动盘面径向裂纹扩展行为的影响。研究发现，多裂纹的存在会影响裂纹周围的应力场和位移场从而减缓裂纹扩展，但多裂纹的存在不会影响裂纹的张开时刻。随着平行径向多裂纹间距的增大，多裂纹之间的相互影响会减弱。在本计算条件下，当裂纹间距大于20 mm时，多裂纹的存在对主裂纹沿径向的扩展行为影响较小。当裂纹间距大于30 mm时，多裂纹的存在对主裂纹沿深度方向的扩展行为影响较小。当裂纹间距为5 mm时，径向裂纹在前端、底部和后端的扩展速率分别降低58%、81%和54%。

关键词: 制动盘, 裂纹扩展, 虚拟裂纹闭合, 多裂纹, 径向裂纹

Abstract: As one of the key components of the train’s basic braking system, the brake disc may develop widespread fatigue cracks on its surface during repeated braking processes, posing a threat to train safety. The multiple cracks on high-speed train brake discs surface are studied through thermo-mechanical finite element simulation and virtual crack closure technology, and the interaction between multiple parallel radial cracks on the disc surface is studied. The influence of crack spacing on the radial crack propagation behavior of the brake disc surface is analyzed from the aspects of stress distribution, opening displacement distribution, stress intensity factor, and crack propagation rate. Research has found that multiple cracks can slow down crack propagation by affecting the stress and displacement fields around the crack, but they do not affect the opening time of the crack. As the spacing between parallel radial cracks increases, the mutual influence between multiple cracks will weaken. Under the calculation conditions in this article, when the crack spacing is greater than 20 mm, the presence of multiple cracks has a relatively small impact on the radial propagation behavior of the main crack. When the crack spacing is greater than 30 mm, the presence of multiple cracks has little effect on the propagation behavior of the main crack along the depth direction. When the crack spacing is 5 mm, the propagation rates of radial cracks at the front, bottom, and rear ends decrease by 58%, 81%, and 54%, respectively.

Key words: brake disc, crack propagation, virtual crack closure, multiple cracks, radial crack

中图分类号:

U270

卢纯, 何家欢, 滕万秀, 梁红琴, 温泽峰, 邓永权. 高速列车制动盘平行径向多裂纹扩展行为分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(14): 160-169.

LU Chun, HE Jiahuan, TENG Wanxiu, LIANG Hongqin, WEN Zefeng, DENG Yongquan. Analysis of Multiple Parallel Radial Crack Propagation Behavior of High-speed Train Brake Discs[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(14): 160-169.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260160

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I14/160

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