PCrNi3MoVA/40Cr钢旋转电弧TIG焊接接头微观组织及性能

doi:10.3901/JME.260564

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高PCrNi3MoVA/40Cr在实际工况中的服役性能，实验采用E307T0-1不锈钢药芯焊丝，制备了PCrNi3MoVA/40Cr异种钢旋转电弧TIG焊接接头。借助扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope, SEM)、X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffractor, XRD)、电子背散射衍射(Electron backscattering diffraction, EBSD)等手段对热处理前后PCrNi3MoVA/40Cr异种钢焊接接头的显微组织进行表征，并结合异种钢接头的力学性能及耐腐蚀性能测试结果，系统研究了焊接接头硬度、焊缝中元素分布、物相特征、力学性能、耐腐蚀性等变化规律。结果表明：焊缝表面完整性良好，无缺陷。热处理后焊缝晶粒尺寸减小，由74.57 μm细化至55.71 μm。在拉伸、冲击试验中，拉伸强度由587.2 MPa提升至829.6 MPa，试样均在焊缝处断裂，且断口处存在韧窝，属于典型的韧性断裂。热处理后接头的拉伸强度、冲击韧性、耐腐蚀性能提高，这归因于残余应力的减小，高角度晶界增加以及位错密度的降低。

关键词: 异种钢, 旋转电弧, 焊后热处理, 微观结构, 力学性能, 耐腐蚀性能

Abstract: In order to improve the service performance of PCrNi3MoVA/40Cr in real working conditions, the experiments used E307T0-1 stainless steel flux-cored wire to prepare PCrNi3MoVA/40Cr dissimilar steel rotary arc TIG welded joints. With the help of scanning electron microscope(SEM), X-ray diffractor(XRD), electron backscattering diffraction(EBSD) and other means of microstructure characterisation of PCrNi3MoVA/40Cr dissimilarity steel welded joints before and after heat treatment, and combined with the mechanical properties of dissimilarity steel joints and corrosion resistance test results, systematic study of the hardness of the welded joints, weld in the distribution of elements, the physical phase characteristics, Mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and other rules of change. The results show that: the weld surface integrity is good, no defects. After heat treatment, the grain size of the welded joint was reduced from 74.57 μm to 55.71 μm, and in the tensile and impact tests, the tensile strength was increased from 587.2 MPa to 829.6 MPa, and the specimens were all broken at the weld, and there was a toughness nest at the fracture, which is a typical toughness fracture. The improved tensile strength, impact toughness, and corrosion resistance of the heat-treated joints were attributed to the reduction of residual stresses, the increase of high-angle grain boundaries, and the reduction of dislocation density.

Key words: dissimilar steels, rotating arc, post-weld heat treatment, microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance

中图分类号:

TG457

禹东欣, 赵运才, 柳建, 杜娴, 邢志国, 王海斗. PCrNi3MoVA/40Cr钢旋转电弧TIG焊接接头微观组织及性能[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(12): 241-252.

YU Dongxin, ZHAO Yuncai, LIU Jian, DU Xian, XING Zhiguo, WANG Haidou. Microstructure and Properties of Rotating Arc TIG Welded Joint of PCrNi3MoVA/40Cr Steel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(12): 241-252.

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http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I12/241

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