• CN：11-2187/TH
  • ISSN：0577-6686
机械工程学报

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (11): 286-300.doi: 10.3901/JME.260411

• 数字化设计与制造 • 上一篇    

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热效应对航发主轴轴承散热特性的影响机制分析

李泽朝1,2, 韩旭1,2, 张浩1, 张昊2, 解忠良2, 高文君3   

  1. 1. 河北工业大学机械工程学院 天津 300130;
    2. 西北工业大学工程力学系 西安 710072;
    3. 西北工业大学动力与能源学院 西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-26 修回日期:2025-09-12 发布日期:2026-07-29
  • 作者简介:李泽朝,男,2000年出生。主要研究方向为滑动轴承润滑机理。E-mail:202231205091@stu.hebut.edu.cn;张浩,男,1982年出生,博士,教授。主要研究方向为摩擦润滑理论。E-mail:zhanghao@hebut.edu.cn;解忠良(通信作者),男,1988年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为滑动轴承润滑机理。E-mail:zlxie@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52105205)、航空发动机及燃气轮机基础科学中心(P2022-B-III-003-001)和中国-中东欧国家高校联合教育(2023275,2021101)资助项目。

Mechanism Analysis of Influence of Thermal Effect on Heat Dissipation Characteristics of Aeroengine Spindle Bearings

LI Zechao1,2, HAN Xu1,2, ZHANG Hao1, ZHANG Hao2, XIE Zhongliang2, GAO Wenjun3   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130;
    2. Department of Engineering Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072;
    3. School of Power and Energy, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072
  • Received:2025-02-26 Revised:2025-09-12 Published:2026-07-29

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摘要： 针对航空发动机主轴轴承散热特性不佳的问题，提出了一种仿莲藕型空心内冷外圈结构，建立了空心内冷结构的动力学模型。采用流热固耦合分析方法，研究了轴承外圈内壁传热系数和温度对轴承散热性和抗冲击特性的影响规律；阐明了不同工况对轴承温升、变形及阻尼比的影响机理，揭示了外圈内壁面传热系数和温度对轴承性能的重要影响。结果表明，外圈内壁面的传热系数和温度越高，外圈整体温升变化也越大；外圈空心通道进油口的温度变化对流体域的压力变化影响很小；高温环境下，轴承的最大变形和所受最大应力变大，并且高温环境会改变轴承的最大变形位置；温度较低且传热系数较高时，外圈阻尼比较大，有助于减小外圈的振动。研究结果对主轴轴承散热性优化设计有重要意义。

关键词: 主轴轴承, 空心内冷结构, 耐热性, 温升, 阻尼比

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of poor heat dissipation characteristics of aero-engine main shaft bearings, a kind of hollow inner cooling outer ring structure is proposed, and a dynamic model of hollow inner cooling structure is established. The effects of heat transfer coefficient and temperature on heat dissipation and impact resistance of bearing outer ring are studied by fluid-thermosolid coupling analysis method. The influence mechanism of different working conditions on bearing temperature rise, deformation and damping ratio is explained, and the important influence of heat transfer coefficient and temperature of inner wall of outer ring on bearing performance is revealed. The results show that the higher the heat transfer coefficient and temperature of the inner surface of the outer ring, the greater the change of the overall temperature rise of the outer ring. The temperature change of the hollow channel inlet in the outer ring has little influence on the pressure change in the fluid domain. Under high temperature environment, the maximum deformation and maximum stress of the bearing become larger, and the high temperature environment can change the maximum deformation position of the bearing. When the temperature is low and the heat transfer coefficient is high, the damping of the outer ring is relatively large, which helps to reduce the vibration of the outer ring. The research results are of great significance to the optimal design of heat dissipation of main shaft bearings.

Key words: main shaft bearing, hollow internal cooling structure, heat resistance, temperature rise, damping ratio

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