轮毂驱动电动汽车机电耦合模型构建与振动负效应分析

doi:10.3901/JME.260447

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (8): 272-284.doi: 10.3901/JME.260447

• 特邀专辑：汽车线控底盘 • 上一篇下一篇

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轮毂驱动电动汽车机电耦合模型构建与振动负效应分析

刘伟¹, 汪若尘¹, 丁仁凯², 孙东¹, 陈轶杰³, 郭中阳⁴

1. 江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院镇江 212013;
2. 江苏大学汽车工程研究院镇江 212013;
3. 中国北方车辆研究所北京 100072;
4. 江苏超力电器有限公司镇江 212300

收稿日期:2025-03-27 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-06-12
作者简介:刘伟,男,1995年出生,博士。主要研究方向为车辆振动分析、悬架控制。E-mail:ujsliuwei@163.com;汪若尘(通信作者),男,1977年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为车辆动态性能模拟与控制、汽车尾气温差发电系统与智能车辆系统。E-mail:wrc@ujs.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB2504500);国家自然科学基金(52472410,52502526);江苏省基础研究计划(BK20250841);江苏省卓越博士后计划(2025ZB599);镇江市创新平台建设计划(SS2025007);镇江市重点研发计划(GY2023002)资助项目。

Construction of Electromechanical Coupling Model and Analysis of Negative Vibration Effects for In-wheel Motor-driven Electric Vehicles

LIU Wei¹, WANG Ruochen¹, DING Renkai², SUN Dong¹, CHEN Yijie³, GUO Zhongyang⁴

1. School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013;
2. Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013;
3. China North Vehicle Research Institute, Beijing 100072;
4. Jiangsu Chaoli Electric Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang 212300

Received:2025-03-27 Revised:2025-10-11 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-06-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究轮毂电机气隙偏心引发的不平衡电磁力对车辆垂向振动和电机性能的影响，依据数据驱动模型理论提出基于GA-BP神经网络的不平衡电磁力计算方法，考虑车辆机械振动与电机振动间的相互耦合，建立了路面不平度与不平衡电磁力共同作用下的轮毂驱动电动汽车机电耦合模型，在此基础上，研究了不平衡电磁力的激励特性及其影响因素，分析了存在不平衡电磁力激励的车辆悬架系统与传统车辆悬架系统垂向振动响应之间的差异，揭示了不同行驶工况下电机不平衡电磁力对车辆动力学性能和电机性能的影响规律，并通过台架试验验证了模型的正确性与分析结果的有效性。研究结果表明，不平衡电磁力会显著恶化加速/减速工况下的车辆乘坐舒适性，且加速度/减速度越大，恶化程度越明显，而对匀速工况下的车辆动力学性能几乎没有影响。研究成果为轮毂驱动电动汽车的振动负效应分析与抑制提供了有效的理论前提。

关键词: 轮毂驱动电动汽车, 不平衡电磁力, 机电耦合模型, 振动负效应, 台架试验

Abstract: To investigate the impact of unbalanced electromagnetic forces(UEMFs) resulting from air gap eccentricity in in-wheel motors(IWMs) on vehicle vertical vibration and motor performance, this study proposes a novel calculation method for UEMFs based on a GA-BP neural network, developed in accordance with data-driven modeling theory. Taking into account the coupling between vehicle mechanical vibration and motor vibration, a comprehensive electromechanical coupling model for IWM-driven electric vehicles(EVs) that incorporates both road roughness and UEMFs is established. On this basis, the excitation characteristics and influencing factors of UEMFs is studied, a comparative analysis between the vertical vibration responses of vehicle suspension systems with and without UEMF excitation is conducted, the influence patterns of motor UEMFs on both vehicle dynamic performance and motor performance across various driving conditions is revealed, and correctness of the proposed model and the validity of analytical results are subsequently verified through bench tests. The results show that the UEMFs significantly deteriorates the vehicle ride comfort under acceleration/deceleration conditions, and the larger the acceleration/deceleration, the more obvious the deterioration. However, it has almost no effect on the vehicle dynamics under uniform speed conditions. The research findings establish a solid theoretical foundation for both the analysis and suppression of negative vibration effects of IWM-driven EVs.

Key words: IWM-driven EVs, unbalanced electromagnetic force, electromechanical coupling model, negative vibration effects, bench test

中图分类号:

U270

刘伟, 汪若尘, 丁仁凯, 孙东, 陈轶杰, 郭中阳. 轮毂驱动电动汽车机电耦合模型构建与振动负效应分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(8): 272-284.

LIU Wei, WANG Ruochen, DING Renkai, SUN Dong, CHEN Yijie, GUO Zhongyang. Construction of Electromechanical Coupling Model and Analysis of Negative Vibration Effects for In-wheel Motor-driven Electric Vehicles[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(8): 272-284.

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http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I8/272

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轮毂驱动电动汽车机电耦合模型构建与振动负效应分析

Construction of Electromechanical Coupling Model and Analysis of Negative Vibration Effects for In-wheel Motor-driven Electric Vehicles

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