端面先导压力控制二级配流高压径向柱塞马达新构型及其容积效率特性

doi:10.3901/JME.260204

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (6): 409-418.doi: 10.3901/JME.260204

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端面先导压力控制二级配流高压径向柱塞马达新构型及其容积效率特性

黄小敏^1,2, 郭桐^1,2, 阙富民^1,2, 李昕铭^1,2, 刘昊^3,4, 林添良^1,2

1. 华侨大学机电及自动化学院厦门 361021;
2. 福建省移动机械绿色智能驱动与传动重点实验室厦门 361021;
3. 北京天玛智控科技股份有限公司北京 101399;
4. 煤炭智能开采与岩层控制全国重点实验室北京 100013

收稿日期:2025-06-30 修回日期:2025-12-21 发布日期:2026-05-12
作者简介:黄小敏,男,1998年出生,硕士。主要从事低速重载液压元件方面的研究。E-mail:211172371@qq.com
郭桐(通信作者),男,1988年出生,博士,副教授。主要从事流体传动与控制、石油开发技术和高水基液压技术方面的研究。E-mail:guot@hqu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52305057)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(ZQN-1104)资助项目。

Novel Configuration of High-pressure Radial Piston Motor with Plate Pilot Pressure Control for Two-stage Flow Distribution and Its Volumetric Efficiency Characteristics

HUANG Xiaomin^1,2, GUO Tong^1,2, QUE Fumin^1,2, LI Xinming^1,2, LIU Hao^3,4, LIN Tianliang^1,2

1. College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021;
2. Fujian Key Laboratory of Green Intelligent Drive and Transmission for Mobile Machinery, Xiamen 361021;
3. Beijing Tianma Intelligent Control Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 101399;
4. National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Coal Mining and Rock Control, Beijing 100013

Received:2025-06-30 Revised:2025-12-21 Published:2026-05-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对传统轴配流或端面配流径向柱塞液压马达工作压力较低、容积效率随压力升高显著下降的问题，提出一种端面先导压力控制的二级配流径向柱塞马达新构型。该构型主级采用座阀配流，先导级采用机械板阀配流，利用座阀密封性好及先导级压力与流量需求小的特点，可有效减少配流副的泄漏。基于AMESim仿真软件建立马达模型，仿真结果显示：在30 MPa压力下，马达能保持高容积效率。为验证该配流方法的实用效果和性能，研制马达样机并开展试验研究，试验结果表明：马达可在低速下平稳运行且具备双向转动功能；当先导压力在11 MPa以内时，容积效率保持在90%以上，且不随转速降低而显著下降，验证了该径向柱塞液压马达新构型在提升理论工作压力上的可行性；马达主级油路与先导级相独立，通过采用高先导比的主阀，马达工作压力可突破30 MPa，为研制全新构型的高压径向柱塞液压马达提供了一种可行的技术路线。

关键词: 径向柱塞马达, 二级配流, 先导压力控制, 低速高压大扭矩, 容积效率

Abstract: A new configuration of two-stage radial piston motor with plate pilot pressure control is proposed to address the problem of low working pressure and significant decrease in volumetric efficiency with increasing pressure in traditional shaft or plate radial piston hydraulic motors. The main stage of this configuration adopts seat valve distribution, and the pilot stage adopts mechanical plate valve distribution. By utilizing the good sealing of the seat valve and the low pressure and flow requirements of the pilot stage, it can effectively reduce the leakage of the distribution pair.A motor model is established based on AMESim simulation software, and the simulation results show that the motor can still maintain high volumetric efficiency under a pressure of 30 MPa. To verify the feasibility of the distribution method and conduct characteristic analysis, a motor prototype is developed and experimental research is conducted. The experimental results shows that the motor can run smoothly at low speeds and has bidirectional rotation function；When the pilot pressure is within 11 MPa, the volumetric efficiency remains above 90% and does not significantly decrease with decreasing speed, verifying the feasibility of the proposed new motor configuration in improving the theoretical working pressure ofthe motor；The main oil circuit of the motor is independent of the pilot stage, so by using a high pilot ratio main valve, the workingpressure of the motor can exceed 30 MPa. A feasible technical route is provided for the development of a new architecture high-pressure radial piston hydraulic motor.

Key words: radial piston motor, two-stage flow distribution, pilot pressure control, low-speed high-pressure and large torque, volumetric efficiency

中图分类号:

TH137

黄小敏, 郭桐, 阙富民, 李昕铭, 刘昊, 林添良. 端面先导压力控制二级配流高压径向柱塞马达新构型及其容积效率特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 62(6): 409-418.

HUANG Xiaomin, GUO Tong, QUE Fumin, LI Xinming, LIU Hao, LIN Tianliang. Novel Configuration of High-pressure Radial Piston Motor with Plate Pilot Pressure Control for Two-stage Flow Distribution and Its Volumetric Efficiency Characteristics[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 62(6): 409-418.

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端面先导压力控制二级配流高压径向柱塞马达新构型及其容积效率特性

Novel Configuration of High-pressure Radial Piston Motor with Plate Pilot Pressure Control for Two-stage Flow Distribution and Its Volumetric Efficiency Characteristics

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