曲轴连杆颈耦合参数评定算法研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.11.119

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 曲轴连杆颈的形位误差及关键尺寸精度是评价曲轴合格性和保证加工质量的重要指标。针对曲轴综合测量过程中连杆颈绕主轴颈做偏心圆周运动，连杆颈的检测数据无法直接用于其参数评定的问题，建立连杆颈测量运动模型，分析在连杆颈动态坐标系下径向测量数据向其表面轮廓数据的转换方法及各评价参数之间的耦合关系。以提高连杆颈参数评价精度为目标，构建符合最小条件的圆度和中心距误差评定模型，利用多目标粒子群算法求解Pareto最优解集，并基于评价权重的策略筛选最佳折中解，实现了连杆颈关键参数的评定。以某型号发动机曲轴为例进行大样本误差检测试验，应用最小二乘法和多目标粒子群算法对曲轴连杆颈的圆度、半径及中心距进行计算并与ADCOLE1200曲轴测量机测量结果比对，结果显示提出的连杆颈耦合参数评定算法测量精度高、重复性好，适用于随动测量方式下连杆颈耦合参数的评定。

关键词: 曲轴, 连杆颈, 圆度误差, 中心距, 多目标

Abstract: The form and position error and key dimensions accuracy of the crankshaft rod journal are important indexes to ensure the machining quality and qualification evaluation of the crankshaft. Aiming at the problem that the rod journal makes an eccentric circular motion around the main journal and the detection data of the rod journal cannot be directly used for its parameter evaluation during the measurement, the motion model of the rod journal is established, and the conversion method of radial measurement data to the profile data under the motion coordinate system of the rod journal and the coupling relationship between the evaluation parameters are analyzed. With the goal of improving the evaluation accuracy of rod journal parameters, the roundness and center distance error evaluation model that meets the minimum conditions is constructed, the Pareto optimal solution set is solved by multi-objective particle swarm algorithm, and the best compromise solution is screened based on the strategy of evaluating weights, and the evaluation of key parameters of rod journals is realized. Taking a certain type of engine crankshaft as an example, a large sample error detection test is carried out and the roundness, radius and stroke of the rod journal are calculated by the least squares method and multi-objective particle swarm algorithm, and compared with the measurement results of ADCOLE1200 measuring machine. The facts show that the proposed algorithm has high accuracy and good repeatability, so it is suitable for the evaluation of the rod journal coupling parameters under the follow-up measurement method.

Key words: crankshaft, rod Journal, roundness error, center distance, multi-objective

中图分类号:

TG156

王亚晓, 王洪喜, 田慧慧. 曲轴连杆颈耦合参数评定算法研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(11): 119-130.

WANG Yaxiao, WANG Hongxi, TIAN Huihui. Research on Coupling Parameter Evaluation Algorithm for Crankshaft Rod Journal[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(11): 119-130.

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