基于三明治阻尼结构的高速列车制动摩擦振动噪声抑制

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.05.196

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (5): 196-208.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.05.196

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基于三明治阻尼结构的高速列车制动摩擦振动噪声抑制

项载毓¹, 莫继良², 贺德强¹, 朱松³, 翟财周³, 杜利清³

1. 广西大学机械工程学院南宁 530004;
2. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室成都 610031;
3. 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司常州 213011)

收稿日期:2023-03-10 修回日期:2023-10-14 出版日期:2024-03-05 发布日期:2024-05-30
通讯作者: 项载毓，男，1988年出生，博士，助理教授，硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为摩擦自激振动、界面摩擦学行为调控。E-mailzaiyu-xiang@gxu.edu.cn
作者简介:莫继良，男，1982年出生，博士，研究员，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为高端装备减振降噪，摩擦学及表面工程。E-mailjlmo@swjtu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52305187, U22A20181)、牵引动力国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2020TPL-T06)和四川省科技计划(2020JDTD0012)资助项目。

Friction-induced Vibration and Noise Reduction of High-speed Train Braking via a Sandwich Damping

XIANG Zaiyu¹, MO Jiliang², HE Deqiang¹, ZHU Song³, ZHAI Caizhou³, DU Liqing³

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004;
2. Traction Power State Key Laboratory, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
3. CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213011

Received:2023-03-10 Revised:2023-10-14 Online:2024-03-05 Published:2024-05-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对高速列车制动系统在列车低运行速度、强制动盘/片摩擦作用时存在的制动尖叫噪声问题，设计了一种三明治阻尼结构以实现制动尖叫噪声的抑制以及摩擦自激振动能量的收集。在自主研制的高速列车制动性能模拟试验台上开展制动摩擦学试验，并基于该试验装置开展摩擦块磨损及瞬态动力学分析，研究三明治阻尼结构对摩擦块表面磨损、制动界面接触及制动系统动力学行为和输出电压特性的影响。结果表明，三明治阻尼结构能够有效抑制制动摩擦振动噪声并显著影响其产生和演变，且依托自身良好的变形能力将制动摩擦振动能量转换为电能；三明治阻尼结构能够显著减小摩擦块的偏磨角度，改善摩擦块表面摩擦磨损特性和制动界面接触行为，减少制动摩擦热的产生和聚集；三明治阻尼结构良好的弹性变形能力可实现制动盘与摩擦块接触状态的实时调整，进而建立稳定的界面接触关系，使得摩擦块表面均匀磨损且整体处于滑动摩擦状态，最终实现了制动系统摩擦自激振动的有效抑制。

关键词: 高速列车, 三明治阻尼, 摩擦振动噪声, 振动抑制, 能量收集

Abstract: Considering the severe brake squeal noise generated at the brake pad/disc interface when the train brakes at low running speed, elastic damping shims and piezoelectric elements are designed into a sandwich-like damping aiming at reducing the brake squeal noise and harvesting energy from the friction-induced vibrations simultaneously. Braking tribology tests are performed using the self-developed high-speed train brake dynameter, meanwhile wear and transient dynamic analysis are conducted through finite element method. The influences of the sandwich damping on the surface wear of the friction block and the contact behavior at the brake interface, as well as the output voltage are comprehensively studied. The results indicate that the sandwich damping can effectively reduce the brake squeal noise due to its damping characteristics, meanwhile, significant voltage signal is detected during the brake process, indicating the satisfactory energy conversion performance of the sandwich damping. Based on the experiments and the finite element simulations, it is found that the damping shims can significantly reduce the eccentric wear of the friction block, thereby improving the contact behavior at the brake interface and reducing friction thermal concentration. The flexible damping shims can modify the contact state between the brake disc and friction block in real time, resulting in uniform wear on the pad surface. Therefore, the friction-induced vibration of the brake system is reduced.

Key words: high-speed train, sandwich damping, friction-induced vibration and noise, vibration reduction, energy harvesting

中图分类号:

TH117

项载毓, 莫继良, 贺德强, 朱松, 翟财周, 杜利清. 基于三明治阻尼结构的高速列车制动摩擦振动噪声抑制[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(5): 196-208.

XIANG Zaiyu, MO Jiliang, HE Deqiang, ZHU Song, ZHAI Caizhou, DU Liqing. Friction-induced Vibration and Noise Reduction of High-speed Train Braking via a Sandwich Damping[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(5): 196-208.

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基于三明治阻尼结构的高速列车制动摩擦振动噪声抑制

Friction-induced Vibration and Noise Reduction of High-speed Train Braking via a Sandwich Damping

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