基于载荷传递路径的履带车辆多层级耦合动力学建模与分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.13.157

机械工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (13): 157-174.doi: 10.3901/JME.2023.13.157

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基于载荷传递路径的履带车辆多层级耦合动力学建模与分析

李春明, 鲍珂

中国北方车辆研究所北京 100072

收稿日期:2022-08-04 修回日期:2023-02-20 出版日期:2023-07-05 发布日期:2023-08-15
通讯作者: 鲍珂(通信作者),男,1982年出生,研究员,主要研究方向为履带车辆总体技术。E-mail:bkbaoke@139.com
作者简介:李春明,男,1964年出生,研究员,主要研究方向为履带车辆动力学,履带车辆总体技术。E-mail:chunming@noveri.com.cn
基金资助:
工信部基础科研重点资助项目(MKS20200006)。

Modeling and Analysis of Multi-level Coupling Dynamics of Tracked Vehicle Based on Load Transfer Path

LI Chunming, BAO Ke

China North Vehicle Research Institute, Beijing 100072

Received:2022-08-04 Revised:2023-02-20 Online:2023-07-05 Published:2023-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 履带车辆由车体、行动系统、动力装置等组成，顶部安装武器系统或作业设备等任务负载，是国防和特种工业领域重要的陆基移动平台形式。在动力装置激励和路面不平度激励的综合作用下，履带车辆的多层级耦合动力学特性十分复杂，载荷传递路径对任务负载的动力学稳定性影响显著，开展相关研究具有重大的理论意义和工程价值。某重型履带车辆为对象，根据车体、动力装置、负重轮、履带之间的载荷传递关系，建立模块化的多层级耦合动力学模型；基于“激励源-传递路径-目标点响应”的振动传递机理，进行动力装置和路面两种激励源下实车载荷传递特征测试，对多层级耦合动力学模型的有效性进行验证；基于经过实车测试验证的动力学模型，计算获得典型载荷激励下车体各自由度的响应谱和整车模态动能分布规律，进而讨论了结构轻量化、行驶速度、履带预张紧力等因素对任务负载动力学稳定性的影响。研究结果表明，基于载荷传递路径的履带车辆多层级耦合动力学模型能够有效表征车体在多源激励下的振动传递机理，在试验条件受限时为履带车辆结构设计、动力学优化、振动控制提供基础理论依据和高效分析方法，并可拓展用于履带车辆故障诊断和激励源定位。

关键词: 载荷传递路径, 动力学模型, 模态特性, 轻量化

Abstract: Tracked vehicle is composed of vehicle body, action system, power unit, etc., with task loads such as weapon system or operation equipment installed on the top. It is an important form of land-based mobile platform in the field of national defense and special industry. Under the combined action of power plant excitation and road roughness excitation, the coupling dynamic characteristics of multi-layer products of tracked vehicles are very complex, and the load transfer path has a significant impact on the dynamic stability of task load. Carrying out relevant research has great theoretical significance and engineering value. Taking a heavy tracked vehicle as the object, a modular multi-level coupling dynamic model is established according to the load transfer relationship between vehicle body, power device, load wheel and track; Based on the vibration transmission mechanism of "excitation source transmission path target point response", the load transmission characteristics of real vehicle under two excitation sources of power plant and road are tested to verify the effectiveness of multi-level coupling dynamic model; Using the verified dynamic model, the response spectrum of each degree of freedom of the vehicle body and the distribution law of modal kinetic energy of the whole vehicle under typical load excitation are calculated and obtained; The effects of structural lightweight, driving speed and track pretension on the dynamic stability of mission load are further discussed. The results show that the multi-level coupling dynamic model based on load transfer path can effectively characterize the vibration transmission mechanism of vehicle body under multi-source excitation. When the test conditions are limited, it can provide basic theoretical basis and efficient analysis method for structural design, dynamic optimization and vibration control of tracked vehicle, and can be extended to fault diagnosis and excitation source location of tracked vehicle.

Key words: load transfer path, dynamic model, modal characteristics, lightweight

中图分类号:

TH113

李春明, 鲍珂. 基于载荷传递路径的履带车辆多层级耦合动力学建模与分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(13): 157-174.

LI Chunming, BAO Ke. Modeling and Analysis of Multi-level Coupling Dynamics of Tracked Vehicle Based on Load Transfer Path[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(13): 157-174.

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基于载荷传递路径的履带车辆多层级耦合动力学建模与分析

Modeling and Analysis of Multi-level Coupling Dynamics of Tracked Vehicle Based on Load Transfer Path

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