考虑可靠性与回收再利用性的直流充电桩设计过程关键部件识别方法

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.07.018

机械工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 18-28.doi: 10.3901/JME.2023.07.018

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考虑可靠性与回收再利用性的直流充电桩设计过程关键部件识别方法

宋守许^1,2, 庞少聪^1,2, 周丹^1,2, 田永廷^1,2

1. 合肥工业大学机械工程学院合肥 230009;
2. 合肥工业大学机械工业绿色设计与制造重点实验室合肥 230009

收稿日期:2022-06-17 修回日期:2022-09-28 出版日期:2023-04-05 发布日期:2023-06-16
通讯作者: 周丹(通信作者),女,1980年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为再制造、绿色设计与制造。E-mail:zhoudan80@126.com
作者简介:宋守许,男,1964年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师,主要研究方向为机电产品绿色设计与制造理论方法、机电产品再资源化技术与方法。E-mail:shouxus@163.com;庞少聪,男,1998年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为绿色设计方法。E-mail:pangshaoconghfut@163.com;田永廷,男,1991年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为绿色设计优化方法。E-mail:nmg_tyt@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(SQ2019YFC190110)

Identification Method of Key Components in Design Process of DC Charging Pile Considering Reliability and Reusability

SONG Shouxu^1,2, PANG Shaocong^1,2, ZHOU Dan^1,2, TIAN Yongting^1,2

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009;
2. Key Laboratory of Green Design and Manufacturing for Machinery Industry, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009

Received:2022-06-17 Revised:2022-09-28 Online:2023-04-05 Published:2023-06-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在服役可靠性的强制要求下，直流充电桩普遍存在拆装困难、回收再利用性能差的问题。为此，提出了一种直流充电桩关键部件识别方法，筛选出对服役可靠性具有重要影响、具有较高再利用潜力却难以回收的零部件，以便设计人员能够围绕这些核心部件合理分配设计资源。该方法将故障模式、影响及危害性分析(FMECA)引入充电桩的可靠性评估，从风险优先级数(RPN)、回收难度以及再利用潜力三个角度，建立了充电桩可靠性与回收再利用性的评价指标体系；其中定量指标数据来源于充电桩的拆卸实验数据与实际运行环境下的故障数据，而由专家评价法得到的定性指标数据则采用三角模糊数描述并进行一致度聚合，以提高数据的准确性；通过逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)综合分析定性与定量数据，实现了零部件可靠性与回收再利用性的综合排序。最后，将该方法应用于国家电网80 kW一体式一机一枪充电桩，分析结果显示充电枪、充电模块、交流主接触器、计费控制单元、显示屏、充电主控模块以及进线塑壳路断器等零部件需要在将来的设计过程中加以关注，以有效提升直流充电桩的可靠性与可回收性。

关键词: 直流充电桩, 可靠性, 回收再利用性, FMECA, TOPSIS

Abstract: Under the mandatory requirement of service reliability, DC charging piles are generally difficult to disassemble and have poor recycling performance. Therefore, a method for identifying the key components of DC charging pile is proposed to screen out the components that have important impact on service reliability and have high reuse potential but are difficult to recycle, so that designers can refer to these core components to reasonably allocate design resources. In this method, failure mode effects and criticality analysis(FMECA) is introduced into the reliability evaluation of charging piles, and the evaluation system of reliability and reusability of charging piles is established from three perspectives of risk priority number (RPN), recovery difficulty and reuse potential. The quantitative index data is derived from the disassembly experimental data and fault data under the actual operating environment of the charging pile, while the qualitative index data obtained by the expert evaluation method is described by triangular fuzzy numbers and aggregated to improve the accuracy of the data. By analyzing the qualitative and quantitative data by the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), the comprehensive ranking of reliability and reusability of components is realized. Finally, the method is applied to the 80 kW one-piece used a gun charging pile of state grid. The results of analysis indicate that the parts of charging gun, charging module, AC main contactor, charging control unit, display screen, charging main control module and incoming plastic shell circuit breaker need to be concerned in the future design process to effectively improve the reliability and recyclability of the DC charging pile.

Key words: DC charging pile, reliability, reusability, FMECA, TOPSIS

中图分类号:

U491
X76

宋守许, 庞少聪, 周丹, 田永廷. 考虑可靠性与回收再利用性的直流充电桩设计过程关键部件识别方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(7): 18-28.

SONG Shouxu, PANG Shaocong, ZHOU Dan, TIAN Yongting. Identification Method of Key Components in Design Process of DC Charging Pile Considering Reliability and Reusability[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(7): 18-28.

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考虑可靠性与回收再利用性的直流充电桩设计过程关键部件识别方法

Identification Method of Key Components in Design Process of DC Charging Pile Considering Reliability and Reusability

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