超声振动对高氮钢激光-电弧复合焊接接头组织与性能的影响研究?

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.16.118

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (16): 118-126.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.16.118

超声振动对高氮钢激光-电弧复合焊接接头组织与性能的影响研究?

刘佳^1,2, 白陈明^1,2, 崔博^1,2, 石岩^1,2, 李忠^1,2, 张宏^1,2

1. 长春理工大学机电工程学院长春 130022;
2. 长春理工大学国家国际科技合作基地(光学) 长春 130022

收稿日期:2018-01-17 修回日期:2018-04-19 出版日期:2018-08-20 发布日期:2018-08-20
通讯作者: 刘佳(通信作者),男,1983年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为激光加工技术。E-mail:liujia@cust.edu.cn
基金资助:
吉林省教育厅科学技术（JJKH20170613KL）、吉林省科技厅重点科技研发（20170204065GX、201802010663GX）和国家重点研发计划“增材制造与激光制造”专项（2017YFB1104601）资助项目。

Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Nitrogen Steel Laser-arc Hybrid Welding Joints

LIU Jia^1,2, BAI Chenming^1,2, CUI Bo^1,2, SHI Yan^1,2, LI Zhong^1,2, ZHANG Hong^1,2

1. College of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022;
2. National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation in Optics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022

Received:2018-01-17 Revised:2018-04-19 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决高氮钢熔焊过程中由于气孔缺陷以及氮流失所引起的接头力学性能下降的问题，针对6.5 mm厚的高氮钢板开展了超声辅助激光-电弧复合焊接研究。通过对不同超声功率条件下所获得的接头组织和性能分析发现：熔池中超声能量的导入使其流动状态发生了改变，提高焊缝的熔合比，但过高的超声功率会导致焊缝表面质量的恶化；超声的空化作用使得气孔缺陷随超声功率的增加呈现先减少后增加的趋势，但超声振动的加入对焊缝氮含量的影响并不显著；超声振动可以抑制粗大树枝晶的生长，改变晶粒生长取向，细化组织，显著地提高了柱状晶区的显微硬度；随着超声功率的增加，焊缝抗拉强度和冲击韧度均呈现先升后降的趋势；拉伸强度受气孔和组织的共同影响，而晶粒细化可以改善焊接接头的断裂方式，提高焊缝韧性。与未加入超声振动时相比，当施加的超声功率为160 W时，焊缝中气孔显著减少，晶粒得到了细化，使得拉伸强度提高了3.97%，冲击韧度提高了10.8%。

关键词: 超声振动, 复合焊接, 高氮钢, 力学性能, 微观组织

Abstract: To solve poor mechanical properties of the welding joints caused by the porosity and nitrogen loss, high nitrogen steel plates with a thickness of 6.5 mm are welded by laser-arc hybrid heat source with ultrasonic vibration. By analysis of microstructure and properties of welding joints obtained under different ultrasonic power, it is indicated that the ultrasonic vibration is capable of changing the flow velocity in the melting pool and fusion ratio of welding seam. However, excessive ultrasonic power deteriorates the quality of the weld surface. Ultrasonic cavitation causes porosity defects to decrease first and then increase with the increase of ultrasonic power. However, the effect of ultrasonic vibration on the nitrogen content of the weld bead is not significant. Moreover, ultrasonic vibration inhibits the growth of coarse dendrite and transforms the growth orientation of grains. It also leads to grain refinement which significantly improves the hardness of the columnar zone. With the increase of ultrasonic power, the tensile and impact properties of the joints increase first and then decrease. Both the blowhole defect and microstructure of the welding joint impact on the tensile strength together. It is concluded that grain refinement is helpful to the fracture mode of welded joints, and then improves its toughness. Compared without the ultrasonic vibration, when the ultrasonic power is 160 W, the pores in the welding joints are significantly reduced and the crystallites are refined, which increase the tensile strength by 3.97% and the impact toughness by 10.8%.

Key words: high nitrogen steels, hybrid welding, mechanical property, microstructure, ultrasonic vibration

中图分类号:

TG456

刘佳, 白陈明, 崔博, 石岩, 李忠, 张宏. 超声振动对高氮钢激光-电弧复合焊接接头组织与性能的影响研究?[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(16): 118-126.

LIU Jia, BAI Chenming, CUI Bo, SHI Yan, LI Zhong, ZHANG Hong. Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Nitrogen Steel Laser-arc Hybrid Welding Joints[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(16): 118-126.

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超声振动对高氮钢激光-电弧复合焊接接头组织与性能的影响研究?

Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Nitrogen Steel Laser-arc Hybrid Welding Joints

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