超声复合电加工在线参数测控及优化试验

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.17.255

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 超声复合电加工技术将超声、电解或放电作用有机复合，是难加工材料、异形面零部件微精加工的一种有效方法，但因影响加工过程的参数多而复杂，加工效率与精度常难以保持稳定。分析复合电加工系统机、电、液等参数变化特性，确定各类参数测量、控制或补偿策略；采用激光微位移等多种精密传感器、数字存储示波器及PCI-1706U同步数据采集卡，进行参数在线检测与处理；采用中心计算机、STM32单片机及数字电位器，实时调节超声振幅、设置激光微位移传感器工作参数、调节电加工加电区间；根据极间电参数评定加工状态，进行电参数实时优化调节。利用虚拟仪器技术及LabVIEW平台，开发超声复合电加工实时测控、优化软件。利用研发的测控、参数优化及加工系统，进行微结构超声复合电加工试验，结果表明：加工系统工作稳定，可实现小间隙超声复合同步电加工，在保证加工精度同时，显著提高加工效率。

关键词: 参数优化, 超声频振动, 复合电加工, 微结构加工试验, 在线参数检测

Abstract: Ultrasonic compound electric machining technology combines ultrasonic, electrolysis and discharge functions organically. It is an effective method for micro machining difficult-to-machine materials and special-shaped parts. However, the machining efficiency and accuracy are often difficult to be stable because of many complex parameters affecting the processing process. Analying the parameter variation characteristics of machine, electricity and liquid in compound electric machining system and determining all kinds of parameter measurement, control or compensation strategies. The various precision sensors, digital storage oscilloscopes and PCI-1706U synchronous data acquisition cards are used to detect and process parameters on line. Using central computer, STM32 single chip computer and digital potentiometer to adjust the ultrasonic amplitude in real time, set the working parameters of the laser micro displacement sensor and adjust the electric machining power interval. According to evaluation machining state of inter-polar electrical parameters, the electrical parameters optimally and in real time are adjusted. Using virtual instrument technology and LabVIEW platform, the real-time monitoring and optimization software of ultrasonic compound electric machining is developed. Using the control and optimization machining system, the micro structure ultrasonic compound electric machining tests is performed. The results show that the system works stably and can realize the ultrasonic compound synchronous machining at the small gap. It can ensure the machining accuracy, at the same time, the processing efficiency is improved remarkably.

Key words: compound electric machining, micro-structure processing test, on-line parameters detection, parameters optimization, ultrasonic frequency vibration

中图分类号:

V261

赵青青, 邓正泉, 朱永伟. 超声复合电加工在线参数测控及优化试验[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(17): 255-264.

ZHAO Qingqing, DENG Zhengquan, ZHU Yongwei. Parameters On-line Measurement and Control and Optimization Experiments of Ultrasonic Compound Electric Machining[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(17): 255-264.

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