生物3D打印技术的新研究进展

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.05.114

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (5): 114-132.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.05.114

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生物3D打印技术的新研究进展

吴春亚^1,2, 吴佳昊², 吴喆冉³, 李曦光², 黄俊杰², 陈明君^1,2

1. 哈尔滨工业大学机器人技术与系统国家重点实验室哈尔滨 150080;
2. 哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院哈尔滨 150080;
3. 内蒙古科技大学生命科学与技术学院包头 014010

收稿日期:2020-05-06 修回日期:2020-12-09 出版日期:2021-03-05 发布日期:2021-04-28
通讯作者: 吴春亚(通信作者),女,1982年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为微纳米制造技术、生物材料界面特性与功能性评价。E-mail:wuchunya1982@163.com
作者简介:陈明君,男,1971年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为超精密加工及微纳米制造技术。E-mail:chenmj@hit.edu.cn
基金资助:
黑龙江省自然科学基金优秀青年基金（YQ2020E013）、中国博士后基金（2015M581439）和黑龙江省博士后基金（LBH-Z15072）资助项目。

New Progress of Biological 3D Printing Technology

WU Chunya^1,2, WU Jiahao², WU Zheran³, LI Xiguang², HUANG Junjie², CHEN Mingjun^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080;
2. School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080;
3. School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolian University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010

Received:2020-05-06 Revised:2020-12-09 Online:2021-03-05 Published:2021-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 离体构建生物组织和器官一直以来都是医学界和工程界共同面临的重要难题。由于三维组织结构成型复杂、微环境控制难度大、商业应用下的生产效率和可重复性等因素限制，传统制造方法很难实现生物组织和器官的有效构建。医学模型和生物相容性支架打印技术已发展较为成熟，但相对固定的加工工艺限制了其在活性生物材料打印领域的拓展；4D生物打印技术的概念提出较晚，重点在于产品的可编程性变形，但有关响应性材料的研究仍然较少。采用生物活性物质和生物兼容性材料作为打印墨水的生物3D打印技术，在复杂内部型腔和外部结构的构建方面优势凸显，可以实现器官组织的个性化定制，并高效生成三维活性构建体，在组织工程中的应用潜力巨大。着眼于生物3D打印中关键技术的发展态势，重点分析面向不同器官组织和功能性支架的生物3D打印机理及应用现状，并探讨其在发展过程中需要面临的挑战和仍需注重解决的问题，希望能为后续生物3D打印技术研究工作的大规模推进提供参考。

关键词: 生物打印, 生物墨水, 组织器官, 生物相容性支架

Abstract: Constructing biological tissues and organs in vitro has always been a major problem for medical and engineering communities. Because of complex three-dimensional structure, difficulty in micro-environment control, and low efficiency and repeatability during production, the traditional methods are hard to be used for effective construction of tissues and organs. The printing technology for medical models and biocompatible scaffolds has been well developed, however the relatively rigid manufacturing process limits its expansion in the printing of active biomaterials. The concept of 4D bioprinting technology was proposed lately, focusing on the programmability of deformation control for products, however it still lacks sufficient researches on the responsive materials. 3D bioprinting technology with bioactive substances and biocompatible materials as bioinks can realize the construction of personalized organs and tissues rapidly, which exhibits a huge advantage in the formation of complex internal cavities and external structures. This makes 3D bioprinting show a great potential in tissue engineering. This review focuses on the development of key technologies in 3D bioprinting, analyzes the principles and application status of object-oriented (tissues, organs and functional scaffolds) 3D printing technologies, and discusses the challenges and issues need to be faced in the process of development. This work is expected to present reference background for advancing the large-scale development of biological 3D printing technology.

Key words: bioprinting, bioink, organs and tissues, biocompatible scaffolds

中图分类号:

TS853

吴春亚, 吴佳昊, 吴喆冉, 李曦光, 黄俊杰, 陈明君. 生物3D打印技术的新研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(5): 114-132.

WU Chunya, WU Jiahao, WU Zheran, LI Xiguang, HUANG Junjie, CHEN Mingjun. New Progress of Biological 3D Printing Technology[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(5): 114-132.

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生物3D打印技术的新研究进展

New Progress of Biological 3D Printing Technology

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