基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的储能式有轨电车复合电源参数优化设计

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.24.181

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (24): 181-189.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.24.181

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基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的储能式有轨电车复合电源参数优化设计

杨继斌^1,2,3, 徐晓惠^1,2,3, 彭忆强^1,2,3, 张继业⁴, 宋鹏云^4,5

1. 西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室成都 610039;
2. 西华大学汽车测控与安全四川省重点实验室成都 610039;
3. 西华大学汽车与交通学院成都 610039;
4. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室成都 610031;
5. 西南民族大学电气信息工程学院成都 610041

收稿日期:2020-03-01 修回日期:2020-10-09 出版日期:2020-12-20 发布日期:2021-02-05
通讯作者: 徐晓惠(通信作者),女,1982年出生,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为复杂非线性关联大系统的稳定性分析与控制和新能源车辆控制。E-mail:xhxu@163.com
作者简介:杨继斌,男,1989年出生,博士,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为车辆混合动力系统控制与优化。E-mail:yangjibin08@163.com;彭忆强,男,1963年出生,教授。主要研究方向为新能源车辆技术和汽车电子控制技术。E-mail:yiqiang_peng@126.com
基金资助:
成都市重大科技创新（2019-YF08-00003-GX）、四川省科技厅重大专项（2019ZDZX0002）、西华大学校内人才引进（Z202091）、四川省区域合作创新（2020YFQ0037）和流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室开放基金（szjj2019-015）资助项目。

Optimal Parameter Matching of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on NSGA-Ⅱ Algorithm for Energy Storage Type Tram

YANG Jibin^1,2,3, XU Xiaohui^1,2,3, PENG Yiqiang^1,2,3, ZHANG Jiye⁴, SONG Pengyun^4,5

1. Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery of Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039;
2. Key Laboratory of Automobile Measurement and Control & Safety, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039;
3. School of Automobile and Transportation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039;
4. State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
5. College of Electrical & Information Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041

Received:2020-03-01 Revised:2020-10-09 Online:2020-12-20 Published:2021-02-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究一类以动力电池和超级电容为复合电源的有轨电车参数匹配问题，提出一种基于多目标优化的复合电源参数设计方法。根据有轨电车的动力性能需求，给出基于等效计算的复合电源参数设计方法。以有轨电车日均运行成本和动力电池的性能衰减率为评价指标，建立多目标优化函数，采用带精英策略的非支配排序的遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ），设计系统仿真模型在环的复合电源参数优化流程。以一次往返行程为运营要求，对比分析两个不同工况的Pareto解集和等效计算配置方案下的有轨电车系统仿真结果。结果表明，相比等效计算的配置方案，优化的配置方案使动力电池性能衰减率降低至少约31.1%；合理的配置方案可有效保证较高的再生制动能量回收率和有轨电车效率；长站间距的工况增加了对复合电源的配置需求。

关键词: 有轨电车, 复合电源, 参数匹配, 多目标优化, NSGA-Ⅱ

Abstract: In order to study the parameter matching problems of a tram powered by hybrid energy storage system which consists of a battery pack and an ultracapacitor pack, a parameter matching approach of hybrid energy storage system is proposed based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm. According to the dynamic performance requirement of the tram, a design of hybrid energy storage system' parameters is presented based on equivalent calculation approach. The multi-objective cost function is established by using the daily operating cost of the tram and performance degradation rate of battery as performance indicators. The optimization process of hybrid energy storage system with system simulation model in loop is designed by using NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm. Taking a round trip as operation requirement of the tram, the simulation results of different parameter matching of Pareto solution set and equivalent calculation approach are compared and analyzed in two different drive cycles. The simulation results indicate that the optimized result reduces the performance degradation rate of battery by at least 31.1%, compared with the parameter matching result of the hybrid energy storage system based on the equivalent calculation approach. Moreover, the reasonable configuration of hybrid energy storage system can effectively guarantee the high recovery rate of regenerative braking energy and the efficiency of the tram, and the longer distance between stations increases the configuration demand of the hybrid energy storage system.

Key words: tram, hybrid energy storage system, parameter matching, multi-objective optimization, NSGA-Ⅱ

中图分类号:

U482

杨继斌, 徐晓惠, 彭忆强, 张继业, 宋鹏云. 基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的储能式有轨电车复合电源参数优化设计[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(24): 181-189.

YANG Jibin, XU Xiaohui, PENG Yiqiang, ZHANG Jiye, SONG Pengyun. Optimal Parameter Matching of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on NSGA-Ⅱ Algorithm for Energy Storage Type Tram[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(24): 181-189.

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基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的储能式有轨电车复合电源参数优化设计

Optimal Parameter Matching of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on NSGA-Ⅱ Algorithm for Energy Storage Type Tram

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