• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

›› 1980, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 26-32.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

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在钢基体上进行碳化钛气相沉积(CVD)

陈仁悟;林香祝;王绍佐;潘维富   

  1. 陕西机械学院;西安高压电瓷厂;西安电炉研究所
  • 发布日期:1980-09-01

The Chemical Vapour Deposition(CVD)of Titanium Carbide on Steel Substrate

Chen Renwu;Lin Xiangzhu;Wang Shauzhue;Pan Weifu   

  1. Shanxi Institute of Mechanical Engineering 西安高压电瓷厂 西安电炉研究所
  • Published:1980-09-01

摘要: 具有一定厚度(10~15μ)的碳化钛覆层具有某些优异性能。例如:高熔点、高硬度、低滑动摩擦系数和一定的耐腐蚀性。因此它可用于制造某些特殊要求的工件。如要求高耐磨性,和在高真空或高温下工作的无法润滑的摩擦付(如球轴承或柱塞付)等等。但目前使用的碳化钛CVD工艺存在着下列一些问题,因而限制了它的应用范围。(1)CVD过程温度过高(≥1100℃),在这一温度下将使钢的晶粒粗化、并使其性能恶化。(2)由于碳化钛复层和钢基本间的热膨胀系数差别较大,因此使TiC复层的基体间的结合强度不够理想。(3)工件经过CVD之后,必需设法提高基体的强度,以免硬度很高的复层承载时因基体硬度不足而崩落。本文通过对CVD过程中某些化学反应的热力学分析,提出在反应室中加入海绵钛、并采用四氯化碳代替碳氢化合物作TiC的CVD过程中的供碳剂,使沉积温度降低到≤900℃。作者采取工件在进行CVD之前进行碳氮共渗处理,这样在沉积后、在TiC复层和基体之间形成一过渡层,它减少了TiC复层和基体间热膨胀系数差别,因此使结合强度提高了30%。把已沉积好的工件在充分脱氧的盐浴中重新加热后,在碱浴中淬火,可有效地强化工作基体。但沉积层厚度要烧损30%。目前,这一工艺已成功地用于电瓷行业中的修坯刀,机动丝锥和一些要求耐磨的零件上,并使其使用寿命大为提高。

Abstract: Titanium carbide coating with appropriate thickness (10-15μ)is possessed of some excellent properties such as high melting point, high hardness, low coefficient of ,sliding friction and appropriate anticorrosive,property. Thus it, may be used for special,purpose. But the CVD of TiC ,still encounters the following problems, which limit the field of its application. 1: The temperature of CVD process is too high even higher than 1100℃. At this temperature the grains of steel will be coarsened and hence the properties will become deteriorated. 2. Since the difference of the coefficient of thermoexpansion between the TiC coating and steel is so great that the cohesion between the coating and the substrate is not quite strong. 3. In order to increase the loading ability of the work pieces; we must find out a method to improve the strength of the substrate below the CVD coating. A thermodynamic analysis of some of chemical reactions of the CVD process is demonstrated in this paper. On the basis of this analysis the authors suggest the using of some titanium sponge in reaction chamber and also the using of carbon tetrachloride instead of hydrocarbons as carbon supplier of CVD process of TiC. On the above suggestion the temperature of the CVD of TIC on steel may be lowered to 900℃ or even to, less than 900℃.If work pieces undergo a suitable chemical heat treatmant first, a transition layer may be formed between the TIC coating and substrate during following CVD process. The existence of the transition layer may lessen the difference of ;the coefficient of thermoexpansion between the TIC coating and the substrate, so that the cohesive strength between them will increase by 30%.The authors have successfully increased the strength of the substrate of the work pieces by reheating them in a fully: deoxidized salt bath and quenching them in an alkaline bath.This technique has been used in the production of a number of tools and machine parts,the working life of which has been proved to be a greatly prolonged.