风浪联合下波浪对漂浮式风力机运动响应及尾流演变规律研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.20.154

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (20): 154-164.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.20.154

• 可再生能源与工程热物理 • 上一篇

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风浪联合下波浪对漂浮式风力机运动响应及尾流演变规律研究

魏赏赏¹, 李智寒¹, 高宪花², 王新¹, 刘惠文¹, 许昌¹

1. 河海大学新能源学院常州 213200;
2. 南京工程学院信息与通信工程学院南京 210096

收稿日期:2025-03-11 修回日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2025-12-03
作者简介:魏赏赏(通信作者)，男，1990年出生，博士。主要研究方向为风电场流场智能调控以及风能综合利用。E-mail:weishsh@hhu.edu.cn
李智寒，男，1999年出生。主要研究方向为漂浮式风力机数值模拟。E-mail:lizhihan2023@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金(52406233，52106239)、中国博士后面上基金(2024M750738)、常州市科技应用基础研究(CJ20240095)和江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新(BT2024004)资助项目。

Effects of Wave on Motion Responses and Wake Evolution Mechanisms in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines under Coupled Wind-wave Condition

WEI Shangshang¹, LI Zhihan¹, GAO Xianhua², WANG Xin¹, LIU Huiwen¹, XU Chang¹

1. College of Renewable Energy, Hohai University, Changzhou 213200;
2. School of Information and Communication Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210096

Received:2025-03-11 Revised:2025-08-20 Published:2025-12-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 漂浮式风力机(Floating offshore wind turbines, FOWTs)受到风浪复杂海洋环境的影响，因此厘清风浪联合下FOWTs运动响应及其尾流演变规律具有重要意义。为此，以立柱式风力机为研究对象，研究了风浪联合下FOWTs纵摇运动响应以及尾流演变规律。结果表明，波浪的非线性特性对机组运动相位具有较大影响，五阶Stokes波下机组较一阶Airy波出现4.75%的相位滞后。并且通过谱分析发现，波浪频率为FOWTs气动力的主要影响频率，其次是风轮自身转动频率，最后为塔筒干涉频率。在尾流方面，波浪的存在加速气动尾流恢复，使得下叶尖涡抬升从而导致尾流中心线上移，尾流空间分布呈现非对称性。相比静水工况，1阶波下7D处轮毂中心速度提升5.86%，9D处轮毂中心速度提升30.29%，且5阶Stokes波下尾流恢复快于1阶Airy波。

关键词: 漂浮式风力机, 尾流, 风浪联合, 运动响应

Abstract: Floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) are affected by the complex marine environment of wind and waves. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify the motion response and wake evolution of FOWTs under the combined action of wind and waves. For this purpose, taking the column-type wind turbine as the research object, the pitch motion response and wake evolution of FOWTs under the combined action of wind and waves were studied. The results show that the nonlinear characteristics of waves have a significant impact on the motion phase of the unit. Under the fifth-order Stokes wave, the unit shows a 4.75% phase lag compared to the first-order Airy wave. Moreover, through spectral analysis, it is found that the wave frequency is the main influencing frequency of the aerodynamic force of FOWTs, followed by the rotation frequency of the wind turbine itself, and finally the tower interference frequency. In terms of the wake, the existence of waves accelerates the recovery of the aerodynamic wake, causing the lower tip vortex to rise and thus leading to an upward shift of the wake centerline, resulting in an asymmetric spatial distribution of the wake. Compared with the still water condition, the hub center velocity at 7D under the first-order wave increases by 5.86%, and at 9D it increases by 30.29%. Moreover, the wake recovery under the fifth-order Stokes wave is faster than that under the first-order Airy wave.

Key words: floating offshore wind turbines, wake, combined wind and wave, motion response

中图分类号:

TK83

魏赏赏, 李智寒, 高宪花, 王新, 刘惠文, 许昌. 风浪联合下波浪对漂浮式风力机运动响应及尾流演变规律研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(20): 154-164.

WEI Shangshang, LI Zhihan, GAO Xianhua, WANG Xin, LIU Huiwen, XU Chang. Effects of Wave on Motion Responses and Wake Evolution Mechanisms in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines under Coupled Wind-wave Condition[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(20): 154-164.

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风浪联合下波浪对漂浮式风力机运动响应及尾流演变规律研究

Effects of Wave on Motion Responses and Wake Evolution Mechanisms in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines under Coupled Wind-wave Condition

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