基于地热能的双级蒸发双回热有机朗肯循环高级㶲和高级㶲经济分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.14.285

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 双级蒸发有机朗肯循环(Organic rankine cycle，ORC)能有效提高热源利用效率，回热-ORC能有效利用膨胀机排出余热，结合两者优点，提出双级蒸发双回热有机朗肯循环系统(Double-stage evaporation and double recuperation Organic rankine cycle，DEDR-ORC)。常规㶲法侧重于独立组件的㶲损失，无法识别系统组件之间的相互作用对系统性能的实际影响，提出高级㶲和高级㶲经济法对DEDR-ORC进行分析。探讨DEDR-ORC的先进性、组件㶲损失和组件之间相互作用关系和组件的实际改进潜力。结果表明：DEDR-ORC的㶲效率和净输出功相对双级蒸发-ORC和回热-ORC最大提高了27.24%和4 436.97 kW，平准化电能成本降低了0.006 。常规㶲法得到膨胀机和冷凝器的㶲损失最大为755.15 kW和567.20 kW，高级㶲法得到膨胀机、冷凝器和蒸发器1总可避免㶲损失为553.28 kW、223 kW、103.20 kW，其组件改进潜力依据总可避免㶲损失大小排序，因此，膨胀机、冷凝器和蒸发器1改进潜力最大。高级㶲经济法得到膨胀机、蒸发器1、混合回热器的总可避免成本为71.16 $/h、1.14 $/h、0.94 $/h，均为正值，其余组件均为负值，其降低成本的改进潜力仅有膨胀机、蒸发器1和混合回热器，其余组件无改进潜力。研究结果可为ORC系统设计及优化提供理论支撑与技术参考。

关键词: 地热能, 有机朗肯循环, 双级蒸发双回热, 高级㶲, 高级㶲经济

Abstract: Two-stage evaporative organic Rankine cycle(ORC) can effectively improve the efficiency of heat source utilization, and regenerative-ORC can effectively utilize the waste heat discharged by the expander. Combining the advantages of the two, a two-stage evaporative double regenerative organic Rankine cycle system(DEDR-ORC) is proposed. The conventional method focuses on the exergy loss of independent components, and cannot identify the actual impact of the interaction between components on the system performance. The advanced exergy and advanced economic law are proposed to analyze the DEDR-ORC. The advancement of DEDR-ORC, the flow relationship between components and the actual improvement potential of components are discussed. The results show that the exergy efficiency and net output power of DEDR-ORC are 27.24% and 4 436.97 kW higher than those of two-stage evaporation-ORC and regenerative-ORC, and the leveling power cost is reduced by 0.006 . The maximum exergy loss of the expander and condenser obtained by the conventional exergy method is 755.15 kW and 567.20 kW, respectively. The total avoidable exergy loss of the expander, condenser and evaporator 1 obtained by the advanced exergy method is 553.28 kW, 223 kW and 103.20 kW, respectively. The potential for component improvement is sorted according to the total avoidable exergy loss. Therefore, the expander, condenser and evaporator are obtained. According to the advanced economic law, the total avoidable costs of expander, evaporator 1 and hybrid regenerator are 71.16 $/h, 1.14 $/h and 0.94 $/h, which are positive, and the remaining components are negative. The improvement potential of cost reduction is only expander, evaporator1 and hybrid regenerator, and the remaining components have no improvement potential. The research results can provide theoretical support and technical reference for ORC system design and optimization.

Key words: geothermal energy, organic Rankine cycle, double-stage evaporation and double recuperation, advanced exergy, advanced exergy economy

中图分类号:

TK123

戴文智, 沈雄健, 李青洋, 杨新乐. 基于地热能的双级蒸发双回热有机朗肯循环高级㶲和高级㶲经济分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(14): 285-296.

DAI Wenzhi, SHEN Xiongjian, LI Qingyang, YANG Xinle. Advanced Exergy and Advanced Exergy Economic Analysis of Double- stage Evaporation Double-regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle Based on Geothermal Energy[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(14): 285-296.

参考文献

[1] LI J，GE Z，DUAN Y，et al. Design and performance analyses for a novel organic rankine cycle with supercritical- subcritical heat absorption process coupling[J]. Applied Energy，2019，235:1400-1414.
[2] ZHANG L X，PANG M Y，HAN J，et al. Geothermal power in China:Development and performance evaluation[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews，2019，116:109431.
[3] 闫沛伟，张曼铮，肖猛，等. 地热能有机朗肯循环系统控制策略研究[J]. 化工学报，2023，74(12):4810-4819. YAN Peiwei，ZHANG Manzheng，XIAO Meng，et al. Research on control strategy of geothermal energy organic Rankine cycle system[J]. Acta Chemical Engineering，2023，74(12):4810-4819.
[4] LI J，LIU Q，DUAN Y，et al. Performance analysis of organic Rankine cycles using R600/R601a mixtures with liquid-separated condensation[J]. Applied Energy，2017，190:376-389.
[5] BRAIMAKIS K，KARELLAS S. Exergetic optimization of double stage organic rankine cycle (ORC)[J]. Energy，2018，149:296-313.
[6] LI J，GE Z，DUAN Y，et al. Parametric optimization and thermodynamic performance comparison of single- pressure and dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycles[J]. Applied Energy，2018，217:409-421.
[7] LIU X，NIU J，WANG J，et al. Thermodynamic performance of subcritical double-pressure organic Rankine cycles driven by geothermal energy[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering，2021，195:117162.
[8] FENG J，CHENG X，YAN Y，et al. Thermodynamic and thermo-economic analysis, performance comparison and parameter optimization of basic and regenerative organic Rankine cycles for waste heat recovery[J]. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering，2023，52:103816.
[9] MOSAFFA A H，MOKARRAM N H，FARSHI L G. Thermo-economic analysis of combined different ORCs geothermal power plants and LNG cold energy[J]. Geothermics，2017，65:113-125.
[10] FENG Y，ZHANG Y，LI B，et al. Comparison between regenerative organic Rankine cycle (RORC) and basic organic Rankine cycle (BORC) based on thermoeconomic multi-objective optimization considering exergy efficiency and levelized energy cost (LEC)[J]. Energy Conversion and Management，2015，96:58-71.
[11] 张艺晨，戈志华，杨勇平，等. 基于(火用)分析的热电联产能耗一致性评价方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报，2024，44(2):642-652. ZHANG Yichen，GE Zhihua，YANG Yongping，et al. Evaluation method of energy consumption consistency of combined heat and power based on (exergy) analysis[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE，2024，44(2):642-652.
[12] TIAN Y，ZHANG T，XIE N，et al. Conventional and advanced exergy analysis of large-scale adiabatic compressed air energy storage system[J]. Journal of Energy Storage，2023，57:106165.
[13] FALLAH M，MOHAMMADI Z，MAHMOUDI S M S. Advanced exergy analysis of the combined S-CO₂/ORC system[J]. Energy，2022，241:122870.
[14] XIAO Y，YOU H，HU B，et al. Conventional and advanced exergy-based analyses and comparisons of two novel tri-generation systems based on solid oxide fuel cells and gas turbines[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy，2024，63:82-102.
[15] LIU Z，GUAN H，SHAO J，et al. Thermodynamic and advanced exergy analysis of a trans-critical CO₂ energy storage system integrated with heat supply and solar energy[J]. Energy，2024，302:131507.
[16] LIU X，YU K，WAN X，et al. Conventional and advanced exergy analyses of transcritical CO₂ ejector refrigeration system equipped with thermoelectric subcooler[J]. Energy Reports，2021，7:1765-1779.
[17] KHALJANI M，KHOSHBAKHTI S R，BAHLOULI K. Comprehensive analysis of energy，exergy and exergo- economic of cogeneration of heat and power in a combined gas turbine and organic Rankine cycle[J]. Energy Conversion and Management，2015，97:154-165.
[18] PETRAKOPOULOU F，TSATSARONIS G，MOROSUK T. Evaluation of a power plant with chemical looping combustion using an advanced exergoeconomic analysis[J]. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments，2013，3:9-16.
[19] PETRAKOPOULOU F，TSATSARONIS G，MOROSUK T，et al. Conventional and advanced exergetic analyses applied to a combined cycle power plant[J]. Energy，2012，41(1):146-152.
[20] ÖZEN D N，KOCAK B. Advanced exergy and exergo-economic analyses of a novel combined power system using the cold energy of liquefied natural gas[J]. Energy，2022，248:123531.
[21] TIAN Z，CHEN X，ZHANG Y，et al. Energy，conventional exergy and advanced exergy analysis of cryogenic recuperative organic rankine cycle[J]. Energy，2023，268:126648.
[22] GULLO P，ELMEGAARD B，CORTELLA G. Advanced exergy analysis of a R744 booster refrigeration system with parallel compression[J]. Energy，2016，107:562-571.
[23] TSATSARONIS G，MOROSUK T. Advanced exergetic analysis of a novel system for generating electricity and vaporizing liquefied natural gas[J]. Energy，2010，35(2):820-829.
[24] GHAEBI H，PARIKHANI T，ROSTAMZADEH H. A novel trigeneration system using geothermal heat source and liquefied natural gas cold energy recovery:Energy，exergy and exergoeconomic analysis[J]. Renewable Energy，2018，119:513-527.
[25] GHAEBI H，PARIKHANI T，ROSTAMZADEH H. Energy，exergy and thermoeconomic analysis of a novel combined cooling and power system using low- temperature heat source and LNG cold energy recovery[J]. Energy Conversion and Management，2017，150:678-692.
[26] CALISKAN H，AÇKKALP E，ROSTAMNEJAD T H，et al. Advanced，extended and combined extended- advanced exergy analyses of a novel geothermal powered combined cooling，heating and power(CCHP) system[J]. Renewable Energy，2023，206:125-134.
[27] KAZEMI N，SAMADI F. Thermodynamic，economic and thermo-economic optimization of a new proposed organic Rankine cycle for energy production from geothermal resources[J]. Energy Conversion and Management，2016，121:391-401.
[28] RAYEGAN R，TAO Y X. A procedure to select working fluids for solar organic rankine cycles(ORCs)[J]. Renewable Energy，2011，36(2):659-670.