锂离子动力电池能量密度特性研究进展

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.06.239

机械工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (6): 239-254.doi: 10.3901/JME.2023.06.239

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锂离子动力电池能量密度特性研究进展

杨续来^1,2, 袁帅帅¹, 杨文静¹, 刘闯³, 杨世春⁴

1. 合肥学院先进电池关键材料与技术重点实验室合肥 230601;
2. 北京理工大学重庆创新中心重庆 401120;
3. 安徽易为茂电动汽车应用技术有限公司合肥 230011;
4. 北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院北京 100191

收稿日期:2022-06-28 修回日期:2022-12-26 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2023-06-03
通讯作者: 杨世春(通信作者),男,1974 年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为电动汽车能源动力系统安全、高效优化理论及集成控制相关科学与技术。E-mail:yangshichun@buaa.edu.cn
作者简介:杨续来,男,1983年出生,博士,教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为动力电池及其关键材料与工艺。E-mail:yangxl@hfuu.edu.cn;袁帅帅,男,1997年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为动力电池关键材料。E-mail:ss_yuan007@163.com;杨文静,女,1997年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为动力电池一致性分析。E-mail:1251942745@qq.com;刘闯,男,1979年出生,硕士,总经理。主要研究方向为新能源汽车运营及大数据分析应用。E-mail:1131583311@qq.com
基金资助:
安徽省科技重大专项(2021e03020001、2203a05020017)、安徽高校协同创新 (GXXT-2021-025)和合肥学院人才基金(20RC03)资助项目。

Research Progress on Energy Density of Li-ion Batteries for Evs

YANG Xulai^1,2, YUAN Shuaishuai¹, YANG Wenjing¹, LIU Chuang³, YANG Shichun⁴

1. Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Advanced Batteries, Hefei University, Hefei 230601;
2. Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Chongqing 401120;
3. Anhui EVmall EV Application Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230011;
4. School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191

Received:2022-06-28 Revised:2022-12-26 Online:2023-03-20 Published:2023-06-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 动力电池作为新能源纯电动汽车的动力源，其能量密度与整车的续驶里程及安全性等密切相关，而锂离子电池具有高能量密度和长寿命等特点，是当前新能源汽车动力电池的主流选择。基于锂离子电池发展史和我国第1～48批《免征车辆购置税的新能源汽车车型目录》中2 000余款纯电动乘用车的锂离子动力电池能量密度数据，系统研究了锂离子动力电池能量密度演变趋势，回顾了我国锂离子动力电池能量密度的提升历程及其对推动新能源汽车发展起到的良好作用。在此基础上，从电极材料、电池工艺和成组结构等3个方面，剖析了锂离子动力电池能量密度提升技术方案的优势与不足；并从电池能量密度和安全性的关联性出发，总结了高能量密度电池在设计、制造和使用等全生命周期中的安全技术，展望了锂离子动力电池未来的发展趋势，为新能源汽车行业未来的健康发展提供参考。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 能量密度, 电极材料, 结构电池, 电池安全

Abstract: The power battery is the source of driving energy for electric vehicles (EVs), which is directly related to driving range and the safety of EVs. So far, lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been extensively used as the power sources for EVs owing to the high energy density and long cycle-life. Based on the battery history and the LIB energy density data of more than 2 000 types of passenger EVs in the 1-48 Catalogs of new energy vehicles exempted from vehicle purchase tax of China, the evolution process of the LIB energy density increasing is systematically analyzed from the data in the Catalog. Meanwhile, the improvement of LIB energy density in China and its role in promoting the development of EVs are reviewed. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of the energy density enhancement technology for lithium-ion power battery are analyzed from the aspects of electrode material, battery process engineering and battery pack structure. Finally, based on the correlation between battery energy density and safety, the safety technologies of high energy density battery in design phase, manufacture phase and use phase of the whole cycle life are summarized, and the development trend of lithium-ion power battery is prospected, which can provide a reference for the healthy development of EVs.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, energy density, electrode materials, structural battery, battery safety

中图分类号:

TM912

杨续来, 袁帅帅, 杨文静, 刘闯, 杨世春. 锂离子动力电池能量密度特性研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(6): 239-254.

YANG Xulai, YUAN Shuaishuai, YANG Wenjing, LIU Chuang, YANG Shichun. Research Progress on Energy Density of Li-ion Batteries for Evs[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(6): 239-254.

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锂离子动力电池能量密度特性研究进展

Research Progress on Energy Density of Li-ion Batteries for Evs

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