铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦焊研究现状及展望

doi:10.3901/JME.2017.20.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 搅拌摩擦焊作为一种新型的固相连接技术，具有优质、高效、节能、环境友好等优点，广泛应用于航空航天、船舶、轨道交通、汽车等工业领域。为了实现车体轻量化，铝-钢异种金属的搅拌摩擦焊研究得到越来越多的重视。从搅拌摩擦焊的工艺、组织及性能三个方面，对铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦焊的国内外研究现状进行综述。研究现状表明，通过控制界面金属间化合物的生成量，可得到高质量的铝-钢异种金属的搅拌摩擦对焊、搭焊及点焊接头，优化工艺参数下其拉伸性能可与母材相当，然而在铝-钢界面的精细结构表征和复杂应力状态下接头的力学性能方面还需要进一步的深入研究。此外，对未来铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦焊的研究方向进行展望。

关键词: 钢, 搅拌摩擦焊, 金属间化合物, 力学性能, 铝合金, 异种金属

Abstract: Friction stir welding (FSW) is a relatively new solid-state joining process, which is an energy efficient, environment friendly and versatile joining technique. Therefore it has been widely used in aerospace, marine, railway, automobile and other industrial fields. In order to realize the light weight of the vehicle, the research on the FSW of dissimilar Al alloy and steel has been paid more and more attention. In this review article, the current state of understanding and development on the FSW of Al alloy and steel are discussed. Particular emphasis was given to three aspects: the FSW parameters, microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. It is demonstrated that high-quality FSW joints of butt, lap and spot welding types can be obtained by controlling the formation of the intermetallic compounds on the Al-Fe interface, and the tensile strength is comparable to the Al base metal under optimized FSW parameters, however, further study is still needed to investigate the accurate microstructure of the Al-Fe interface and the mechanical behavior under complex stress state. At the same time, the further research and development direction in FSW of Al and steel are suggested.

Key words: aluminum alloy, dissimilar metals, friction stir welding, intermetallic compound, mechanical properties, steel

中图分类号:

TG406

相倩, 吕念春, 薛鹏, 马宗义. 铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦焊研究现状及展望[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(20): 28-37.

XIANG Qian, LÜ Nianchun, XUE Peng, MA Zongyi. Research Status and Prospect on Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Al-Steel Joints[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 53(20): 28-37.

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