二维随机风下高速列车非定常气动载荷研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2016.06.108

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究自然风下高速列车的气动载荷特性,基于Cooper理论和谐波叠加法建立考虑自然风纵向脉动分量和横向脉动分量的二维随机风数值模拟方法,通过对比纵向脉动分量和横向脉动分量的模拟功率谱密度与目标功率谱密度,验证随机风数值模拟方法的正确性,并建立二维随机风下高速列车非定常气动载荷的计算公式。数值计算时,列车速度为200~400 km/h,平均风速为10~35 m/s,计算结果表明,随机风具有较大的横向脉动分量,其波动程度略小于纵向脉动分量的波动程度。无论是否考虑随机风速横向脉动分量,高速列车非定常气动载荷均近似服从正态分布。随机风速横向脉动分量对非定常气动载荷的均值几乎没有影响,但使非定常气动载荷的标准差有所增大。

关键词: 非定常气动载荷, 高速列车, 功率谱密度, 随机风

Abstract: To study the aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed trains exposed to natural winds, the numerical simulation method of two-dimensional stochastic winds considering the longitudinal and lateral fluctuating components of natural winds is set up based on the Cooper theory and harmonic superposition method. The simulated power spectral density of the fluctuating winds is compared with the target power spectral density in order to verify the validity of numerical simulation method of stochastic winds. The computational formula of unsteady aerodynamic loads of high-speed trains exposed to two-dimensional stochastic winds is derived. The numerical simulation is carried out for the train speeds of 200-400 km/h and mean wind speeds of 10-35 m/s. Computational results show that the stochastic wind has a large lateral component, which fluctuates slightly smaller than that of the longitudinal component. Whether the lateral component is included or not, the unsteady aerodynamic loads of high-speed trains are approximately normally distributed. The lateral component of stochastic winds has little impact on the mean of unsteady aerodynamic loads. However, it will lead to the increase of standard deviation of unsteady aerodynamic loads.

Key words: high-speed train, power spectral density, stochastic winds, unsteady aerodynamic loads

中图分类号:

U292

于梦阁, 刘大维, 张继业, 陈焕明. 二维随机风下高速列车非定常气动载荷研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(6): 108-115.

YU Mengge, LIU Dawei, ZHANG Jiye, CHEN Huanming. Study on the Unsteady Aerodynamic Loads of High-speed Trains Exposed to Two-dimensional Stochastic Winds[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(6): 108-115.

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