焊接速度对电弧增材熔池流动及焊道形貌影响的数值模拟研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2022.10.103

机械工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (10): 103-111.doi: 10.3901/JME.2022.10.103

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焊接速度对电弧增材熔池流动及焊道形貌影响的数值模拟研究

周祥曼¹, 王礴允¹, 袁有录¹, 柏兴旺², 田启华¹, 付君健¹, 杜义贤¹

1. 三峡大学机械与动力学院宜昌 443002;
2. 南华大学机械工程学院衡阳 421001

收稿日期:2021-08-25 修回日期:2022-02-07 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-07-07
通讯作者: 周祥曼(通信作者)，男，1983年出生，博士，副教授。主要研究方向为电弧增材制造技术。E-mail：zhouxman@ctgu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51705287,51705388,51975270)、湖北省教育厅科研计划(D20211203)和三峡大学硕士论文培优基金(2021SSPY040)资助项目。

Numerical Simulation Study of the Effects of Travel Speed on the Molten Pool Flow and Weld Bead Morphology of WAAM

ZHOU Xiangman¹, WANG Boyun¹, YUAN Youlu¹, BAI Xingwang², TIAN Qihua¹, FU Junjian¹, DU Yixian¹

1. College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001

Received:2021-08-25 Revised:2022-02-07 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-07-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 焊接速度对电弧增材成形过程中传热传质以及焊道成形有重要影响,为探究其影响机理,建立TIG电弧增材成形过程的三维瞬态数值模型,采用VOF方法追踪熔池自由界面,研究不同焊接速度下单道熔积成形过程中的传热及熔池流态,并分析焊接速度对单道焊道形貌的影响。数值模拟结果表明,随着焊接速度减小,熔池的热积累增强,体积增大,熔池表面峰值温度提高,弧坑深度也加深;同时,在电磁力和熔池表面力的共同作用下,熔池表面流速峰值随焊接速度减小而减小,熔池内部流速增大,对流更充分。此外,随着焊接速度减小,成形焊道的宽度和高度均有不同程度的增加。相同条件下的试验与数值模拟的焊道轮廓对比验证了数值模拟结果的有效性,研究结论可为电弧增材技术的工艺参数调控提供理论支撑和依据。

关键词: 电弧增材, 焊接速度, 焊接熔池, 焊道形貌, 数值模拟

Abstract: The travel speed has important effects on heat and mass transfer as well as the weld bead forming in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process. In order to study the mechanism of these effects, a three-dimensional transient numerical model is developed, and the VOF method is employed to trace the free interface of the molten pool. The effects of travel speed on the heat transfer, molten pool flow and the single-pass weld bead morphology are discussed. Numerical simulation results show that with the reduction of travel speed, the heat accumulation and the volume of the molten pool, the peak temperature of the molten pool surface and the depth of arc crater are increased. At the same time, under the effect of the electromagnetic force and surface stress, the peak velocity of the molten pool surface is reduced, but the velocity of the internal molten pool is increased, the convection of the molten pool is more adequate with the reduction of travel speed. In addition, with the reduction of the travel speed, the width and height of formed weld bead are increased in varying degrees. The effectiveness of simulation’s results is verified by the experimental results under the same conditions. The results of this paper can provide theoretical support and basis for the process parameters’ controlling and adjusting of WAAM technology.

Key words: wire arc additive manufacturing, travel speed, molten pool, weld bead morphology, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TG44

周祥曼, 王礴允, 袁有录, 柏兴旺, 田启华, 付君健, 杜义贤. 焊接速度对电弧增材熔池流动及焊道形貌影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(10): 103-111.

ZHOU Xiangman, WANG Boyun, YUAN Youlu, BAI Xingwang, TIAN Qihua, FU Junjian, DU Yixian. Numerical Simulation Study of the Effects of Travel Speed on the Molten Pool Flow and Weld Bead Morphology of WAAM[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(10): 103-111.

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焊接速度对电弧增材熔池流动及焊道形貌影响的数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Study of the Effects of Travel Speed on the Molten Pool Flow and Weld Bead Morphology of WAAM

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